A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client about compromised host precautions. The client is receiving filgrastim (Neupogen) for neutropenia. Which lunch selection suggests the client has learned about necessary dietary changes?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because roast beef, mashed potatoes, and green beans are all considered safe food choices for a client receiving filgrastim for neutropenia. Roast beef provides protein, mashed potatoes are a good source of carbohydrates, and green beans offer essential vitamins and minerals. Grilled chicken sandwich (A) may contain harmful bacteria if not cooked properly. Peanut butter sandwich (C) and barbecue beef (D) can harbor potential pathogens that may be harmful to a compromised host. Skim milk (A) is generally safe, but the entire meal should be considered.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because hospice care is focused on providing comfort and support for individuals with terminal illnesses, such as cancer, who are nearing the end of their life. Clients in hospice care often require assistance with pain management to ensure their comfort and quality of life. Choice A is incorrect because diabetes mellitus with difficulty self-administering insulin due to poor eyesight does not meet the criteria for hospice care. Choice C is incorrect because recovering from a stroke and needing care while the spouse is at work does not indicate a terminal illness requiring hospice services. Choice D is incorrect because dementia and needing help with activities of daily living, while challenging, do not necessarily indicate a terminal condition warranting hospice care.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Nonmaleficence. The nurse is displaying the ethical principle of nonmaleficence by protecting the surgeon's right to privacy and confidentiality. By refusing to disclose the surgeon's medical diagnosis, the nurse is upholding the duty to do no harm by preventing potential harm that could result from unauthorized disclosure. This action also respects the surgeon's autonomy and right to control their own personal health information. Summary: A: Utility - This ethical principle focuses on maximizing overall benefit or happiness. The nurse's action does not relate to this principle. B: Paternalism - This ethical principle involves making decisions on behalf of the patient for their own good. The nurse's action does not involve making decisions but rather respecting the surgeon's autonomy. C: Justice - This ethical principle pertains to fairness and equal treatment. The nurse's action does not directly relate to this principle in this scenario.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale for why B is correct: 1. Validity in research refers to the accuracy of the measure in assessing what it intends to measure. 2. Accurate measures ensure that the data collected reflects the true characteristics of the variables being studied. 3. If a measure is not accurate, the results may be misleading or invalid. 4. Therefore, the accuracy of the measure (choice B) is crucial to ensure the validity of the research findings. Summary of why other choices are incorrect: A: The consistency of the measure (choice A) refers to reliability, not validity. C: The reliability of the sample (choice C) is related to replicability and stability, not validity. D: The degree to which data supports a hypothesis (choice D) relates to the strength of evidence, not the accuracy of the measure.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Experimental research design. This design is most appropriate for investigating cause-and-effect relationships because it involves manipulating an independent variable to observe the effect on a dependent variable, allowing for establishing causal relationships. Descriptive research (A) is used to describe characteristics of a population but does not establish causation. Correlational research (B) examines relationships between variables but does not determine causation. Qualitative research (D) focuses on exploring attitudes, beliefs, and experiences but does not typically investigate cause-and-effect relationships.