A nurse is receiving change-of-shift report at the start of the shift. Which of the following statements by the nurse giving report indicates to the oncoming nurse that she should assume total care for the client, rather than assigning tasks to the assistive personnel (AP)?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B. The client's blood pressure and pulse have been fluctuating throughout the day. Rationale: 1. Fluctuating vital signs indicate instability and require close monitoring by a licensed nurse. 2. This situation necessitates continuous assessment and potential intervention by the nurse. 3. Assigning tasks to an assistive personnel may not ensure adequate monitoring and timely intervention. 4. The other choices do not directly indicate the need for total care by the nurse.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because activated charcoal works by adsorbing (not absorbing) toxins in the stomach, preventing their absorption into the bloodstream. This helps decrease the body's absorption of the poison, reducing its harmful effects. Choice B is incorrect because charcoal does not form a compound with the poison, but rather binds to it. Choice C is incorrect because activated charcoal does not help eliminate poison from the body but instead prevents its absorption. Choice D is incorrect because it mentions inactivation of toxins, which is not the primary mechanism of action for activated charcoal in poisoning cases.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Review the events leading up to each medication administration error. This strategy should be initiated first because it allows the committee to identify the root causes of the errors, understand the contributing factors, and implement targeted interventions to prevent future errors. By reviewing the events, the committee can analyze system weaknesses, identify areas for improvement, and implement evidence-based practices to enhance medication safety. Other choices are incorrect because: A: Providing an inservice on medication administration to all nurses may be beneficial, but it does not address the specific issues that led to the errors. B: Requiring staff nurses to demonstrate competency through an examination is important, but it is more effective after identifying and addressing the root causes of errors. D: Developing a quality improvement program for nurses involved in errors is essential, but it is more effective after understanding the underlying reasons for the errors.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A. The priority nursing action is to address the situation immediately by quietly telling the APs that discussing a client's information in a public area is not appropriate due to maintaining patient confidentiality. This action directly addresses the issue at hand and educates the individuals involved on the importance of patient privacy. B is incorrect because it is not addressing the immediate situation and may not prevent further breaches of confidentiality. C is incorrect as completing an incident report is not necessary in this situation as it does not involve harm to the patient. D is incorrect as documenting in a personal log does not address the issue or prevent future occurrences.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Certainly! The correct answer is B: Test cause-and-effect relationships. Experimental methodology involves manipulating an independent variable to observe its effects on a dependent variable. This allows researchers to establish causal relationships between variables. Describing a phenomenon (Choice A) is more aligned with observational studies, not experiments. Gathering descriptive data (Choice C) refers to methods like surveys or interviews, which are not exclusive to experimental designs. Identifying variables (Choice D) is a preliminary step in designing an experiment but does not capture the essence of experimental methodology, which is to establish cause-and-effect relationships through controlled manipulation.