A nurse is providing instructions for a 52-year-old client who is scheduled for a colonoscopy. The client reports that he has not had the procedure before and is very anxious about feeling pain during the procedure. Which of the following responses by the nurse is appropriate?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Step 1: Providing a sedative before the colonoscopy is appropriate as it helps reduce anxiety and discomfort during the procedure. Step 2: Sedatives induce relaxation and drowsiness, making the client feel sleepy and less likely to experience pain. Step 3: Addressing the client's anxiety by mentioning the sedative shows empathy and reassurance. Step 4: This option focuses on addressing the client's concern about pain during the procedure effectively. Summary: - Option A dismisses the client's concerns and does not provide a solution. - Option C acknowledges the anxiety but does not offer a specific solution. - Option D delays addressing the client's anxiety without providing immediate reassurance or information.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Lying on the left side with knees bent. This position allows for better visualization and access to the colon during the colonoscopy procedure. By lying on the left side, the client's colon is in a more optimal position for the scope to navigate through the colon. Additionally, bending the knees helps to relax the abdominal muscles and make the procedure more comfortable for the client. Incorrect choices: A: Lying on the right side with legs straight - This position does not provide optimal access to the colon and may make the procedure more difficult. C: Prone with the torso elevated - This position is not suitable for a colonoscopy as it does not allow for proper access to the colon. D: Bent over with hands touching the floor - This position is not recommended for a colonoscopy as it is not conducive to the procedure and may cause discomfort for the client.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: simple columnar epithelium. This type of epithelium is found in the stomach, small intestine, and large intestine. Simple columnar epithelium is ideal for absorption and secretion due to its tall, column-like shape and presence of microvilli. It provides a large surface area for nutrient absorption. Simple squamous epithelium (choice A) is thin and is found in areas where filtration or diffusion occurs, like the lungs. Stratified squamous epithelium (choice B) is found in areas subject to mechanical stress, such as the skin. Pseudostratified columnar epithelium (choice D) is typically found in the respiratory tract and has cilia for moving mucus.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: moist stratified squamous epithelium. The lips require a moist lining to prevent dehydration and facilitate movement. Stratified squamous epithelium is ideal for areas subjected to wear and tear, like the lips. The stratified nature provides protection, while the squamous cells allow flexibility and ease of movement. The moist aspect is crucial to maintain hydration and prevent drying out. Summary: - Choice B (dry stratified squamous) is incorrect because the lips need a moist lining. - Choice C (simple columnar) is incorrect because columnar epithelium is not typically found on the lips. - Choice D (pseudostratified columnar) is incorrect as it is not the most suitable type of epithelium for the lips' functions.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because the uvula and soft palate actually move superiorly, not inferiorly, during swallowing to close off the nasopharynx and prevent food or liquid from entering the nasal cavity. A) The larynx raises to prevent food from entering the trachea. B) The epiglottis moves anteriorly to cover the glottis and prevent aspiration. D) The vestibular folds move laterally to help seal off the airway during swallowing.