Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The statement "If I get a blue color that means the test is negative" given by the patient indicates the need for further education. This is incorrect information because a blue color in the guaiac test indicates a positive result, which means the presence of fecal occult blood. The patient should be taught that a positive result indicates the need for further evaluation and follow-up with their healthcare provider. Proper understanding of the test results is vital to ensure accurate interpretation and appropriate management. Further clarification and education are necessary to correct this misconception and guide the patient towards understanding the significance of a positive result.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Recurrent episodes of acute otitis media (AOM) can cause fluid accumulation in the middle ear, leading to hearing loss and increased risk of further infections. Insertion of a ventilation tube, also known as a tympanostomy tube, is a common intervention for children with recurrent AOM. This procedure involves placing a tiny tube through the eardrum to allow ventilation and drainage of fluid from the middle ear. Ventilation tubes help equalize pressure, prevent fluid buildup, and reduce the frequency of ear infections. It can improve hearing and decrease the likelihood of future episodes of AOM. Ossiculoplasty, insertion of a cochlear implant, and stapedectomy are not indicated for recurrent AOM.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most appropriate action for the home health nurse to take in this situation where a patient reports distortions when looking at an Amsler grid is to arrange for the patient to be assessed for macular degeneration. Distortions in straight lines on an Amsler grid are a common early symptom of macular degeneration, a progressive eye condition that affects central vision. Macular degeneration is a leading cause of vision loss in older adults, making assessment and early intervention crucial in preserving vision. It is important for the nurse to take the patient's symptoms seriously and facilitate timely evaluation and management to prevent further vision loss. This would involve referring the patient to an ophthalmologist or an eye care specialist for a comprehensive evaluation and appropriate treatment.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The statement "If I get a blue color that means the test is negative" given by the patient indicates the need for further education. This is incorrect information because a blue color in the guaiac test indicates a positive result, which means the presence of fecal occult blood. The patient should be taught that a positive result indicates the need for further evaluation and follow-up with their healthcare provider. Proper understanding of the test results is vital to ensure accurate interpretation and appropriate management. Further clarification and education are necessary to correct this misconception and guide the patient towards understanding the significance of a positive result.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Chronic urinary retention can lead to an elevated blood urea nitrogen (BUN) level due to impaired kidney function. When urine is not effectively eliminated from the body, waste products, including urea, accumulate in the bloodstream. This can result in an increase in BUN levels, indicating potential kidney dysfunction in the setting of chronic urinary retention. Hypertension (Choice A), peripheral edema (Choice B), and tachycardia and other dysrhythmias (Choice C) are not specifically associated with chronic urinary retention but may be related to other conditions or comorbidities.