ATI RN
ATI RN Pharmacology Online Practice 2019 A Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a patient who is taking atenolol (Tenormin) to treat hypertension. What would the nurse teach the patient regarding a possible drug-drug interaction?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: A decreased hypertensive effect can occur if a beta-selective adrenergic blocking agent is used in combination with NSAIDs. If this combination is used, the patient should be monitored closely and dosage adjustments made. Antibiotics, oral contraceptives, and antifungal agents are not known to have a drug-drug interaction. The nurse should educate the patient about potential interactions and advise them to consult their healthcare provider before starting any new medications.
Question 2 of 5
The patient has been prescribed oxymetazoline (Afrin). What medication information should the nurse provide?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Oxymetazoline acts fast; adherence prevents rebound . Days is wrong. D ensures safe use, making it key.
Question 3 of 5
A 6-year-old boy presents to his pediatrician for followup of recurrent hay fever and asthma. He usually has two to three attacks per week. For symptom control, he uses an albuterol inhaler, but his parents would like to try something more. They would like him to take something that would lessen the amount of attacks he has. Although corticosteroids would probably work best for prophylaxis, they are contraindicated in children. Which of the following drugs would decrease the amount of asthma attacks by preventing an arachidonic acid derivative from binding to its receptor?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Asthma attacks in this case are driven by inflammation, often mediated by leukotrienes, which are arachidonic acid derivatives. The goal is to reduce the frequency of attacks by targeting this pathway. Aspirin inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX), reducing prostaglandins but not leukotrienes, and may even worsen asthma in some patients. Celecoxib is a selective COX-2 inhibitor, also irrelevant to leukotrienes. Ipratropium is an anticholinergic bronchodilator, effective for acute symptom relief but not prophylaxis via arachidonic acid pathways. Montelukast is a leukotriene receptor antagonist, directly preventing leukotrienes from binding to their receptors, thus reducing inflammation and attack frequency. Zileuton (E), while a leukotriene synthesis inhibitor, isn't the best choice here as the question specifies receptor binding prevention, not synthesis inhibition. Montelukast aligns perfectly with the mechanism described, making it the correct answer.
Question 4 of 5
A prenatal patient tells the nurse that she is not taking vitamins because she heard that vitamins may cause damage to the fetus if she becomes pregnant. What is the nurse's best response?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: While vitamins are generally beneficial during pregnancy, excessive doses (megadoses) can be harmful, especially in the first trimester. The nurse should emphasize the importance of taking vitamins at recommended levels and avoiding excessive supplementation. Taking extra vitamins (B) is not advised, and doses above the RDA (D) should be avoided unless prescribed.
Question 5 of 5
The following are commonly associated with phlebitis when given via the intravenous route:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Potassium chloride is highly irritant to veins and often leads to inflammation (phlebitis) when administered intravenously.