A nurse is providing discharge instructions to a patient with cirrhosis. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates the need for further education?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Patients with cirrhosis should limit protein intake to prevent hepatic encephalopathy. Statement C indicates a need for further education as it is incorrect. A is correct as alcohol worsens cirrhosis. B is correct to manage symptoms. D is correct to monitor for fluid retention.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Correct answer: A - Hyperkalemia Rationale: 1. In CKD, impaired kidney function leads to decreased potassium excretion, causing hyperkalemia. 2. Hyperkalemia can result in life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. 3. Monitoring potassium levels is crucial in CKD management. Summary: B: Hypoglycemia - Not typically associated with CKD, more common in diabetes. C: Hyperglycemia - Common in diabetes, but not a typical complication of CKD. D: Hypercalcemia - Uncommon in CKD, more often seen in hyperparathyroidism.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because monitoring kidney function with regular laboratory tests is crucial in managing CKD. Regular testing helps identify changes in kidney function early, allowing for timely interventions to prevent complications. Administering diuretics (choice A) may worsen kidney function. Encouraging weight loss (choice B) may be necessary, but monitoring kidney function takes precedence. Encouraging the patient to limit fluid intake (choice D) may be necessary in some cases, but it is not the priority intervention.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Shortness of breath and weight gain. In chronic heart failure, fluid overload can lead to pulmonary congestion, causing shortness of breath. Weight gain is also a key sign of fluid retention. Increased urine output and hypotension (choice B) are more indicative of dehydration. Fatigue and dizziness (choice C) can be nonspecific symptoms and not directly related to fluid overload. Dry mouth and thirst (choice D) are symptoms of dehydration rather than fluid overload in chronic heart failure. Monitoring for shortness of breath and weight gain allows for early detection and intervention in managing fluid overload in patients with chronic heart failure.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because stopping insulin when blood sugar is normal can lead to hyperglycemia. Choice A shows understanding of managing diabetes. Choice B indicates monitoring blood sugar, crucial for diabetes management. Choice D demonstrates adherence to medication schedule, essential for controlling blood sugar levels. Stopping insulin prematurely can disrupt the balance and result in complications.