ATI RN
Gastrointestinal System Nursing Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is providing care for a client who had a laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Which of the following is an appropriate nursing action?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Instruct the client not to lift over 4.5 kg (10 lb). Rationale: 1. Lifting restrictions are crucial post-laparoscopic cholecystectomy to prevent strain on the surgical site. 2. Lifting heavy objects can lead to complications such as incisional hernias or wound dehiscence. 3. Following lifting restrictions aids in the proper healing of the surgical incisions. 4. Placing the client in a supine position (A) may be uncomfortable due to gas used during surgery. Ambulation (B) is important but not the priority immediately post-op. Offering ice cream (C) is not relevant to postoperative care.
Question 2 of 5
The term gastrointestinal (GI) tract refers to the
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: The GI tract starts from the oral cavity where digestion begins. Step 2: It then moves to the pharynx, esophagus for food transport. Step 3: Next, the food enters the stomach for further digestion. Step 4: The small intestine is where most digestion and absorption occur. Step 5: Lastly, the large intestine absorbs water and prepares waste for elimination. Step 6: Thus, answer A includes all the structures involved in the entire digestive process, making it the correct choice. Summary: Choice B is incorrect as it omits the oral cavity. Choice C excludes the pharynx. Choice D is incorrect as it misses the oral cavity, pharynx, and esophagus.
Question 3 of 5
Accumulation of excess fluid in the peritoneal cavity is called
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: ascites. Ascites is the accumulation of excess fluid in the peritoneal cavity. This condition can be caused by liver disease, heart failure, kidney disease, or certain cancers. Peritonitis (A) is inflammation of the peritoneum, not fluid accumulation. Hiatal hernia (B) is a condition where the stomach bulges through the diaphragm. Inguinal hernia (C) is the protrusion of abdominal contents through the inguinal canal. Hence, choices A, B, and C are incorrect in the context of excess fluid accumulation in the peritoneal cavity.
Question 4 of 5
The salivary gland which is mixed but produces more serous than mucous secretions and whose duct opens inferiorly in the floor of the oral cavity next to the frenulum of the tongue is the ______ salivary gland.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: submandibular gland. This gland is mixed but predominantly serous, with a duct opening in the oral cavity floor near the frenulum of the tongue. The sublingual gland (B) is primarily mucous, not mixed. Palatine glands (C) are located in the roof of the mouth and are minor salivary glands. The parotid gland (D) is serous but opens into the oral cavity through the parotid duct, not near the frenulum.
Question 5 of 5
The stomach produces acids, which denature protein, and popsin that digests protein. The cell membranes of the epithelial cells lining the stomach contain protein. The protein in the epithelial cells are not denatured or digested because
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: mucus coats the epithelium. The mucus layer acts as a protective barrier that prevents the acid and pepsin from coming into direct contact with the epithelial cells. This physical barrier helps to shield the cell membranes from denaturation and digestion. Choice A is incorrect because the type of protein in the cell membranes does not determine their resistance to denaturation and digestion. Choice C is incorrect because cell membranes are not destroyed, and mitotic activity does not play a role in protecting the cell membranes. Choice D is incorrect because hormones do not directly protect the cell membranes from acid and pepsin; rather, it is the mucus layer that provides the necessary protection.