A nurse is presenting information to the community about preventive measures to reduce the risk of contracting the West Nile virus. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Encourage the use of insect repellent. This is because insect repellent helps to deter mosquitoes, which are vectors for the West Nile virus. Mosquito bites are a common mode of transmission for the virus. By using insect repellent, individuals can protect themselves from mosquito bites and reduce the risk of contracting the virus. Choice A (Reduce time spent outside) is not as effective as using insect repellent because mosquitoes can still bite individuals even when they are outdoors for a short period. Choice C (Stay in the house) is also not practical as it may not be feasible for individuals to stay indoors all the time. Encouraging the use of insect repellent is a practical and effective preventive measure that individuals can easily incorporate into their daily routine to reduce the risk of contracting the West Nile virus.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Assess availability of community resources. This is important because understanding the resources available in the community helps the nurse identify gaps and determine what services or programs are needed. Assessing food options (choice A) is important for addressing nutrition, but it is only one aspect of community needs. Assessing parks in the community (choice C) is important for promoting physical activity but may not address the broader needs of the community. Choice D is blank, so it is not a valid option. In summary, assessing the availability of community resources is crucial in identifying and addressing the comprehensive needs of the community.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Request an air quality study from the environmental protection agency (EPA). This is the most logical first step because it will provide objective data on the air quality around the manufacturing plant. This data will help identify if the plant is indeed the cause of the high incidents of childhood asthma. Closing down the plant (choice A) or vacating all the buildings in the 10-mile radius (choice B) would be extreme measures without concrete evidence. Requesting an air quality study allows for a more informed and evidence-based decision-making process.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Primary prevention. This type of prevention focuses on preventing the disease before it occurs. In the case of HIV screening at a health fair, primary prevention aims to identify individuals who may have HIV early on, thus preventing the spread of the disease to others. Inclusive prevention (choice A) is not a recognized term in public health. Secondary prevention (choice C) usually involves early detection and treatment of a disease to prevent complications, which is not the main goal of HIV screening at a health fair. Tertiary prevention (choice D) involves managing and improving the quality of life for individuals already diagnosed with a disease, which is not the focus of HIV screening at a health fair.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Primary prevention. Primary prevention aims to prevent the onset of a disease or condition before it occurs. In this scenario, the nurse is educating the community about managing diabetic medication and nutrition to prevent the development of diabetes or its complications. This type of prevention focuses on promoting health and preventing the initial occurrence of a disease. Incorrect choices: A: Tertiary prevention focuses on managing and treating existing conditions to prevent complications. C: Secondary prevention involves early detection and intervention to reduce the impact of a disease. D: "Educative" is not a recognized type of prevention, and education alone does not fit into a specific prevention category.