ATI RN
Respiratory System NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to obtain a sputum specimen from a male client. Which of the following nursing actions will facilitate obtaining the specimen?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Having the client take deep breaths. This action facilitates obtaining a sputum specimen by helping the client to cough and expectorate sputum effectively. Deep breaths help to mobilize secretions, making it easier for the client to produce a quality specimen. Limiting fluid intake (choice A) can lead to dehydration and thickening of secretions, making it harder to obtain a specimen. Asking the client to spit into the container (choice C) may result in contamination with saliva. Asking the client to obtain the specimen after eating (choice D) can introduce food particles into the specimen, affecting the accuracy of the test.
Question 2 of 5
The COPD patient delightedly tells the nurse that he has quit smoking and is using chewing tobacco. The nurse's best intervention would be to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The nurse should point out that the patient is still addicted and using tobacco. This is important because quitting smoking is a positive step, but using chewing tobacco still poses health risks. By highlighting the addiction and continued use of tobacco, the nurse can provide necessary education and support for the patient's overall health. Choice A is incorrect because it fails to address the continued tobacco use. Choice B is also incorrect as it focuses on a specific risk (oral cancer) rather than the broader issue of tobacco addiction. Choice C is incorrect as adding nicotine patches would not address the fact that the patient is still using tobacco in another form.
Question 3 of 5
The concentration of nitrogen in the earth's atmosphere is approximately
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 78 percent. The rationale is based on the fact that nitrogen makes up approximately 78% of the Earth's atmosphere. This is a well-known scientific fact supported by various studies and measurements. Option B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not align with the established data on the composition of the Earth's atmosphere. Nitrogen is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere, followed by oxygen, which is around 21%. Therefore, option A is the correct choice based on scientific evidence and consensus.
Question 4 of 5
Exhaling into a paper bag and rebreathing the exhaled air would be expected to
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Exhaling into a paper bag and rebreathing the exhaled air leads to an increase in carbon dioxide levels in the body. This increase stimulates the carotid bodies, which detect changes in blood chemistry, leading to an increase in breathing rate. This process does not directly alert the brain, as high carbon dioxide levels typically cause drowsiness rather than alertness. Therefore, the correct answer is D, as it correctly identifies the effects of rebreathing on both breathing rate and carotid body stimulation. Choice A is incorrect because rebreathing does not directly alert the brain. Choice B is incorrect as rebreathing actually decreases the need for increased breathing rate initially. Choice C alone is incorrect as it does not address the effect on breathing rate.
Question 5 of 5
Oxygenated blood from lungs is carried to heart by
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pulmonary vein. Oxygenated blood from the lungs is carried to the heart by the pulmonary vein. After receiving oxygen in the lungs, blood returns to the heart via the pulmonary veins to be pumped to the rest of the body. The pulmonary artery (A) carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs. The coronary vein (C) drains deoxygenated blood from the heart muscle. Pre-cavals (D) is not a term used in the context of blood circulation.