A nurse is preparing to educate a community group on reducing the risk of cardiovascular disease. Which behavior modification should the nurse emphasize first?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Smoking cessation. Smoking is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease, leading to arterial damage and increased risk of heart attacks and strokes. By quitting smoking, individuals can significantly reduce their risk of developing cardiovascular disease. It is the most crucial behavior modification to address first in this scenario. Weight loss, increasing physical activity, and reducing dietary sodium intake are also important in preventing cardiovascular disease, but smoking cessation should be emphasized first due to its direct impact on cardiovascular health.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Ensuring that communication systems are functioning. This is a priority concern in disaster response as efficient communication is crucial for coordinating emergency efforts, disseminating information, and ensuring the safety of individuals. Without functioning communication systems, response efforts may be hindered, leading to delays and potential confusion. Explanation: 1. Immediate medical care (choice A) is important but without communication, it may be difficult to coordinate and prioritize medical resources effectively. 2. Evacuating non-essential personnel (choice B) is also important, but without communication, the evacuation process may not be well-coordinated. 3. Securing funding for long-term recovery efforts (choice D) is essential, but in the immediate aftermath of a disaster, ensuring communication is more critical for effective response and coordination. In summary, while all options are important in disaster response, ensuring that communication systems are functioning is the priority concern as it underpins the effectiveness of all other response efforts.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Breastfeeding helps the baby develop a strong immune system. Breast milk contains antibodies and nutrients that help protect infants from infections and diseases, strengthening their immune system. It also promotes bonding between the mother and baby. Rationale: 1. Breast milk contains antibodies: These antibodies help protect the baby from infections and illnesses, providing passive immunity. 2. Nutrients in breast milk: Breast milk is rich in nutrients essential for the baby's growth and development. 3. Bonding: Breastfeeding promotes bonding between the mother and baby, leading to emotional benefits. 4. Other choices are incorrect: A. Breastfeeding does not increase the likelihood of postpartum depression; it can actually reduce the risk. C. Breastfeeding is associated with a lower risk of childhood obesity. D. Breastfeeding complements immunizations but does not eliminate the need for them.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of a health issue before it happens. Providing immunizations to children (Option A) is a prime example of primary prevention as it helps to protect them from various infectious diseases. This intervention targets the entire population and focuses on reducing the risk of disease transmission. Screening tests (Option B) are part of secondary prevention, aiming to detect diseases early in individuals who may already have the condition. Rehabilitation services (Option C) fall under tertiary prevention, which focuses on improving outcomes and quality of life post-illness. Educating the community about healthy lifestyle choices (Option D) is more aligned with health promotion rather than primary prevention.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because the prevalence of chronic diseases like hypertension directly impacts the health needs of the community. Understanding this helps the nurse prioritize preventive measures and tailored care. Choice A is incorrect because specialized healthcare services may not address the community's primary health concerns. Choice C is incorrect as the presence of a local hospital does not necessarily reflect the overall health needs of the community. Choice D is incorrect because while geographic location can influence access to care, it does not directly address the specific health needs of the population.