ATI RN
FNP Pediatric Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing to administer routine immunizations to a 4-month-old infant. The infant is currently up to date on all previously recommended immunizations. Which immunizations will the nurse prepare to administer? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In pediatric practice, administering routine immunizations is a crucial aspect of preventive healthcare. For a 4-month-old infant who is up to date on previous immunizations, the nurse should prepare to administer the Rotavirus (RV) vaccine. This is the correct answer because the RV vaccine is recommended to be given at 2, 4, and 6 months of age to protect infants against severe diarrhea and dehydration caused by rotavirus infection. The other options are incorrect for the following reasons: A) Measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR): This vaccine is typically given between 12-15 months of age and a second dose at 4-6 years. Administering MMR at 4 months would not be in line with the recommended schedule. C) Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis (DTaP): While this vaccine is important, the schedule for DTaP doses starts at 2 months, with subsequent doses at 4 and 6 months. Therefore, giving DTaP at 4 months alone would not be appropriate. D) Varicella: The varicella vaccine is typically given between 12-15 months and a second dose at 4-6 years. Administering varicella vaccine at 4 months would not align with the recommended schedule. Educationally, it is important to understand the timing and rationale behind each vaccine administration to ensure optimal protection for infants and children. Following the recommended immunization schedule is vital to provide immunity at the most effective times and protect against vaccine-preventable diseases.
Question 2 of 5
Which term refers to a newborn born before completion of week 37 of gestation, regardless of birth weight?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The term "preterm" refers to a newborn born before completion of week 37 of gestation, regardless of birth weight. Preterm birth can lead to various health issues for the newborn, as they may not have fully developed before being born. It is important for healthcare providers to closely monitor preterm infants to ensure they receive the proper care and support for their development.
Question 3 of 5
The newborn with severe jaundice is at risk for developing:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Severe jaundice in a newborn puts them at risk for developing encephalopathy, which is a condition where bilirubin levels are significantly elevated and can lead to central nervous system dysfunction. If untreated or not managed promptly, high levels of bilirubin can potentially lead to brain damage. It is crucial to monitor and treat severe jaundice in newborns to prevent neurological complications like encephalopathy. Options B, C, and D are not directly associated with severe jaundice in newborns.
Question 4 of 5
A newborn is diagnosed with retinopathy of prematurity. What should the nurse know about this diagnosis?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) is a disorder of the developing retinal blood vessels in premature infants. Cryotherapy and laser therapy are both effective treatments for ROP. These treatments can help prevent vision loss and improve the chances of maintaining good vision. Prompt detection and intervention are key in managing ROP to prevent long-term visual impairment. Therefore, the nurse should be aware that cryotherapy and laser therapy are effective interventions for ROP, contrary to the options suggesting blindness cannot be prevented or no treatment is available. Long-term administration of oxygen can contribute to the development of ROP, so careful monitoring and management of oxygen levels are necessary in premature infants to prevent this condition.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is reviewing acid-base laboratory data on a newborn admitted to the NICU for meconium aspiration. Which laboratory values should the nurse report to the physician? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: In this scenario, the correct laboratory value that the nurse should report to the physician is option B) PCO2: 49. The high PCO2 value indicates respiratory acidosis, a condition commonly seen in newborns with meconium aspiration syndrome due to impaired gas exchange. This information is crucial for the physician to assess the baby's respiratory status and determine the appropriate intervention, such as initiating respiratory support or adjusting ventilator settings. The other options are incorrect: A) pH: 7.35 falls within the normal range for newborns (7.25-7.45) and does not indicate any immediate acid-base imbalance. C) HCO3-: 30 is within the normal range for newborns (22-32 mEq/L) and does not suggest a significant acid-base disturbance. D) PaO2: 96, though important for assessing oxygenation, is not the most relevant value in this case where respiratory acidosis is the primary concern. Understanding acid-base imbalances and interpreting laboratory values in neonates is crucial for nurses working in NICU settings. Recognizing abnormal values and knowing their implications is essential for providing timely and appropriate care to neonates with respiratory distress.