ATI RN
Med Surg Cardiovascular Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing drugs for a cardiac arrest victim. Which of the following drug is used in almost all cardiac arrest scenarios?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Epinephrine. In cardiac arrest scenarios, epinephrine is essential for its vasoconstrictive and inotropic effects, helping to increase blood flow and perfusion to vital organs. Atropine is used for bradycardia, adenosine for supraventricular tachycardia, and sodium bicarbonate for metabolic acidosis. Epinephrine is the drug of choice in almost all cardiac arrest situations due to its crucial role in improving the chances of successful resuscitation.
Question 2 of 5
The client is given a beta blocker. How does this help the heart?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: It decreases heart rate and the work of the heart. Beta blockers work by blocking the action of adrenaline on beta receptors in the heart, leading to a decrease in heart rate and the force of contraction. This helps the heart by reducing its workload and oxygen demand, making it more efficient. Incorrect choices: A: It increases preload - This is incorrect because beta blockers actually reduce preload by decreasing heart rate and myocardial contractility. C: It increases blood pressure - Beta blockers typically lower blood pressure by reducing heart rate and contractility. D: It can be used for ventricular tachycardia - While beta blockers can be used to manage certain types of tachycardias, they are not the first-line treatment for ventricular tachycardia.
Question 3 of 5
The client is taking a class IA anti-arrhythmic agent. What might be the drug the client is taking? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Procainamide, a class IA anti-arrhythmic agent. Procainamide is known for its sodium channel blocking properties, which helps to stabilize cell membranes and prevent abnormal electrical activity in the heart. Metoprolol (A) is a beta-blocker, Disopyramide (B) is a class IA anti-arrhythmic agent but not commonly used, and Morcizine (D) is a class IC anti-arrhythmic agent. Therefore, C is the correct choice for a class IA anti-arrhythmic agent.
Question 4 of 5
The client is taking an ACE inhibitor. For what reason might the client be taking this drug? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Hypertension. ACE inhibitors are commonly used to treat hypertension by dilating blood vessels and reducing blood pressure. This drug works by blocking the production of angiotensin II, a hormone that constricts blood vessels. Therefore, it is an effective treatment for managing high blood pressure. Choice A (Frequent PVCs) and choice B (Atrial flutter) are incorrect because ACE inhibitors are not typically used to treat these conditions. Choice D (Diabetic nephropathy) is also incorrect as while ACE inhibitors are sometimes used to manage diabetic nephropathy due to their ability to protect the kidneys, it is not the primary reason for prescribing this medication in most cases.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is reviewing the client’s medication list before giving IV heparin. What drug has a drug-drug interaction with heparin?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Aspirin. Aspirin can increase the risk of bleeding when taken with heparin, which is also an anticoagulant. This combination may lead to excessive bleeding. Acetaminophen (A) does not have a significant drug interaction with heparin. ACE inhibitors (B) and Nitroprusside (C) are not known to have interactions with heparin that increase bleeding risk.