A nurse is preparing an inservice program about substance abuse and its etiology. Which of the following would the nurse most likely include in the presentation when discussing possible psychologic etiologies?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Low self-esteem. Low self-esteem is a common psychological etiology of substance abuse as individuals may turn to substances to cope with feelings of inadequacy or self-doubt. This can lead to a cycle of self-medication and addiction. Incorrect choices: B: Genetic predisposition - While genetics can play a role in substance abuse, it is not a psychological etiology but rather a biological factor. C: Dysfunctional family - While family dynamics can contribute to substance abuse, it is more related to environmental factors than psychological ones. D: Peer influence - Peer influence is a social factor, not a psychological one, that can contribute to substance abuse behavior.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Contacting the woman's daughter as a possible source of support after the client's discharge. This is the most appropriate choice because involving family members can provide emotional and practical support for the client. It is important to leverage existing relationships and support systems to enhance the client's post-discharge plan. Summary of other choices: B: Contacting the woman's parents may not be appropriate as the client's relationship with her parents is not specified and involving them without consent may not be beneficial. C: Providing resources in a three-ring binder is not as personal or tailored to the client's specific needs and may not address the emotional support aspect. D: Providing telephone numbers of health insurance companies is important but not as crucial as establishing a support system through family members.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because a consistently sad, discouraged, and hopeless mood is a hallmark symptom of many mental illnesses, such as depression. This persistent negative mood is a red flag for potential mental health concerns. A: Reports of occasional sleeplessness and anxiety are common and can be caused by various factors, not solely indicative of mental illness. C: Being able to differentiate between 'as if' and 'for real' is related to cognitive functioning and does not directly point to mental illness. D: Difficulty making decisions can be a symptom of mental illness, but it is not as specific as a consistently sad, discouraged, and hopeless mood in indicating potential mental health issues.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because ileostomy typically drains liquid continuously due to the high fluid content of the small intestine. This statement indicates the client understands the normal function of their stoma. A is incorrect because medications for ileostomy patients are usually not enteric coated. C is incorrect because pouch system change frequency varies, often daily or every few days, not every two weeks. D is incorrect because the stoma will change in size during the healing process.