ATI RN
Nursing Fundamentals Oxygenation Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is preparing a client for pulmonary function testing (PFT). What instruction is most important to provide?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Avoid bronchodilators for 6 hours before the test. This instruction is crucial because bronchodilators can affect the test results by altering airway function. By avoiding bronchodilators, the client ensures accurate PFT results. Refraining from eating or drinking (B) is not necessary for PFT. Performing light exercise (C) could affect the test results. Wearing tight clothing (D) can impede lung expansion and alter the results.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client with asthma about using a peak flow meter. What is the primary purpose of this device?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: 1. A peak flow meter measures peak expiratory flow rate, indicating how well air moves out of the lungs. 2. Early signs of worsening asthma include decreased peak flow readings. 3. By monitoring peak flow, the client can take necessary actions to prevent asthma exacerbations. 4. Choices A and B are incorrect as peak flow meters do not measure lung compliance or directly monitor bronchodilator effectiveness. 5. Choice D is incorrect as peak flow meters are used for ongoing monitoring, not initial diagnosis.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client with asthma about using a spacer with an inhaler. What is the primary benefit of using a spacer?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a spacer helps deliver medication more effectively to the lungs by slowing down the speed of the medication particles, allowing for better penetration into the lungs. This improves drug delivery and reduces the risk of side effects. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because using a spacer does not eliminate the need for deep breaths, prevent oral thrush, or reduce the frequency of inhaler use.
Question 4 of 5
A diabetic patient's arterial blood gas (ABG) results are pH 7.28; PaCO2 34 mm Hg; PaO2 85 mm Hg; HCO3€“ 18 mEq/L. The nurse would expect which finding?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Kussmaul respirations. In diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), the ABG results show metabolic acidosis (low pH, low HCO3-) compensated by respiratory alkalosis (low PaCO2). Kussmaul respirations are deep and rapid breathing pattern seen in DKA to blow off excess CO2 and compensate for the metabolic acidosis. Intercostal retractions (A) may occur in severe respiratory distress, but this is not specific to DKA. Low oxygen saturation (C) may be present due to respiratory distress but is not the primary finding in DKA. Decreased venous O2 pressure (D) is not a typical finding in DKA.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse provides discharge instructions to a patient who was hospitalized for pneumonia. Which statement, if made by the patient, indicates a good understanding of the instructions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "I will continue to do deep breathing and coughing exercises at home." This statement shows good understanding as these exercises help prevent complications like pneumonia recurrence. Choice A is incorrect because feeling tired after a week is a vague symptom. Choice C is incorrect as scheduling two vaccine appointments is unnecessary. Choice D is incorrect as canceling a follow-up chest x-ray can lead to missed complications.