A nurse is planning care of an adolescent who is postoperative following a lumbar laminectomy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C. Encouraging the adolescent's guardian to assist with personal hygiene is crucial after a lumbar laminectomy. Postoperatively, the adolescent may require assistance with activities of daily living due to limited mobility and risk of injury. Involving the guardian ensures proper care and promotes faster recovery. Choice A is incorrect as limiting visitors can negatively impact the adolescent's emotional well-being and support system. Choice B is incorrect as food choices are not typically restricted postoperatively unless medically necessary. Choice D is incorrect as the adolescent may not be in the optimal state to make decisions regarding their daily routine immediately after surgery.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because in palliative care, nurses play a crucial role in coordinating patient care and providing effective pain management. This involves working closely with patients, families, and other healthcare professionals to ensure holistic care and comfort for the patient. Nurses are responsible for assessing and addressing the physical, emotional, and psychological needs of patients in palliative care. Providing pain relief and symptom management is a key aspect of improving the quality of life for patients. Emotional support (choice A) is important but not the primary role. Administering medications (choice C) is a task within the role but not the primary focus. Conducting research (choice D) is valuable but not the primary responsibility of a nurse in palliative care.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Patient-focused. Developing a patient-focused atmosphere is crucial to reduce potential risks in healthcare. Patients should be at the center of care, with their needs, preferences, and safety prioritized. In a patient-focused atmosphere, communication is enhanced, leading to better understanding and adherence to treatment plans, reducing errors and adverse events. Nurses, physicians, and families play important roles in patient care, but ultimately, the patient should be the primary focus. Incorrect choices: A: Nurse-focused - Focusing solely on nurses may neglect the holistic approach to patient care and fail to address the patient's needs directly. B: Physician-focused - Similarly, focusing only on physicians may lead to a lack of patient involvement in decision-making and may not address the emotional and psychological aspects of care. C: Family-focused - While involving families in care is important, solely focusing on them may not always align with the patient's best interests and may not address the patient's autonomy and individual needs.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Selye's stress theory, also known as the General Adaptation Syndrome, consists of 3 stages: alarm, resistance, and exhaustion. Long-term stress leads to exhaustion as the body's resources are depleted, making a person more susceptible to illnesses. Option A is correct as it aligns with this theory. Option B is incorrect as prolonged stress weakens the body, not makes it stronger. Option C is incorrect because stress does not necessarily lead to increased assertiveness. Option D is unrelated to Selye's stress theory.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Ability to recover quickly from setbacks. Resilience in healthcare refers to the capacity to bounce back from challenges and setbacks effectively. This ability is crucial in handling unexpected situations and maintaining quality patient care. Choice B, strict adherence to protocols, focuses on following guidelines rather than bouncing back. Choice C, adapting to changing environments, is related to flexibility rather than recovery from setbacks. Choice D, maintaining consistent performance, emphasizes stability rather than the ability to recover quickly. Overall, option A best captures the essence of resilience in healthcare.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Rejection of the job. Turnover can occur when employees feel dissatisfied with their job roles, responsibilities, or work environment, leading them to reject the job and seek opportunities elsewhere. This perception aligns with the concept of voluntary turnover, where employees choose to leave due to personal reasons rather than external factors like poor management (A), loss of poor performers (C), or poor job atmosphere (D). These other choices focus on external factors or outcomes of turnover, whereas choice B directly addresses the personal perspective of the employee as a key driver of turnover.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: The nurse's response should be professional and informative. Step 2: Response A provides a clear and professional explanation for the transfer. Step 3: Mentioning the provider's decision conveys expertise and reassurance to the family. Step 4: It shows respect for the provider's judgment and helps build trust with the family. Step 5: Responses B, C, and D do not directly address the family's concerns or provide a suitable explanation for the transfer.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Rationale: - Patient outcomes are essential in a critical pathway for CHF to track progress and effectiveness of interventions. - Expected length of stay is not a core component but can be useful for resource planning. - Assigned healthcare team is important but not a core component in the critical pathway. - Medical history is relevant but not essential in the development of a critical pathway for CHF.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Peer review. Peer review involves registered nurses evaluating and judging the performance of their peers against predetermined standards. This process allows for feedback, improvement, and accountability within the nursing profession. A: Group evaluation involves assessing the performance of a group as a whole, not individual peers. C: Forced distribution evaluation is a performance appraisal method where ratings are distributed in a predetermined pattern, not specific to peer assessment. D: Essay evaluation is a method of assessment based on written responses and does not specifically involve peer assessment. In summary, peer review is the appropriate term for nurses assessing and judging their peers' performance against predetermined standards.