A nurse is planning care for a client who is postoperative and at risk for paralytic ileus. Which of the following interventions should the nurse plan to take to promote peristalsis?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Increase ambulation. Ambulation helps stimulate peristalsis by promoting movement in the gastrointestinal tract. This movement aids in preventing or alleviating paralytic ileus, a common postoperative complication. Increasing ambulation helps to increase muscle tone and activity in the intestines, promoting bowel motility. Summary of other choices: B: Decrease fluid intake - This is incorrect because adequate hydration is essential for promoting peristalsis and preventing constipation. C: Increase protein intake - Protein intake is important for wound healing and overall nutrition but does not directly impact peristalsis. D: Offer the client the bedpan every 2 hr - While providing opportunities for toileting is important, it does not directly promote peristalsis like ambulation does.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: retroperitoneal. Organs like the duodenum, pancreas, urinary bladder, and rectum are considered retroperitoneal because they lie behind the parietal peritoneum, which lines the abdominal cavity. They are not completely covered by visceral peritoneum (B) as they are not suspended in the abdominal cavity. They are not covered by parietal peritoneum (A) as this layer lines the abdominal wall. While these organs are covered with serous membranes (D), the defining characteristic is their location behind the peritoneum, making option C the most accurate choice.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: parotid. Mumps is inflammation of the parotid salivary gland. The parotid gland is the largest salivary gland located near the ear. It is commonly affected by the mumps virus, causing swelling and pain. Rationale: 1. The parotid gland is the main salivary gland affected by the mumps virus. 2. The other choices, buccal, sublingual, and submandibular glands, are not typically associated with mumps. 3. Understanding the anatomical location and function of the salivary glands helps in identifying the correct answer.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: carbonic acid. Carbonic acid is produced when carbon dioxide reacts with water in the stomach, forming hydrogen ions that combine with chloride ions to create hydrochloric acid. Lactic acid (A), citric acid (C), and acetic acid (D) do not directly contribute to the formation of hydrochloric acid in the stomach. Therefore, they are incorrect choices for this question.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: pancreas. The pancreas is responsible for producing various digestive enzymes such as proteases, lipases, and amylases that aid in breaking down nutrients in the small intestine. These enzymes are released into the small intestine to further digest chyme. The stomach (A) primarily produces gastric juices, not digestive enzymes. The liver (B) produces bile, which helps in fat digestion but is not classified as an enzyme. The small intestine (D) absorbs nutrients but does not produce the majority of digestive enzymes.