A nurse is planning a teaching session for parents of a newborn who plan to bottle-feed. Which should the nurse include in the teaching session? (Select all that apply.)

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Failed to generate a rationale of 500+ characters after 5 retries.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: Folic acid is the correct answer. All women of childbearing age are recommended to take folic acid to reduce the risk of neural tube defects such as spina bifida in their offspring. Neural tube defects occur in the early stages of pregnancy, often before a woman even knows she is pregnant, which is why it is important for all women of childbearing age to ensure they have adequate folic acid intake. Folic acid is a B vitamin that helps the body make new cells and plays a crucial role in the development of the baby's neural tube, which eventually becomes the brain and spinal cord. Adequate folic acid intake before and during pregnancy can significantly reduce the risk of neural tube defects. That's why it is recommended for all women of childbearing age to take a daily folic acid supplement or consume foods fortified with folic acid.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The nurse should suggest to the parents to offer the last feeding as late as possible at night for an infant who has a prolonged need for middle-of-the-night feedings. By ensuring that the infant gets a full feeding closer to bedtime, it can potentially help the baby stay fuller for a longer period during the night, reducing the need for frequent nighttime feedings. This approach can help the parents establish a bedtime routine that supports longer stretches of sleep for both the infant and themselves. It is important to note that decreasing daytime feedings, allowing the child to go to sleep with a bottle, and putting the infant to bed after they are already asleep from rocking are not recommended strategies for addressing prolonged middle-of-the-night feedings.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Infiltration of intravenous fluids in VLBW newborns can lead to serious complications, especially if hypertonic solutions are being administered. Hypertonic solutions have a higher osmolarity than the body's fluids, which can cause severe tissue damage if there is infiltration. It is crucial for the nurse to monitor the infusion site closely for signs of infiltration and take prompt action to prevent further harm to the newborn's delicate skin and tissues. The other options are not directly related to the risk and consequences of infiltration in VLBW newborns.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The best place to assess for jaundice in a dark-skinned newborn is in the sclera, conjunctiva, and oral mucosa. Jaundice, which is caused by elevated levels of bilirubin in the blood, is more easily seen in these areas compared to the skin. While jaundice is commonly assessed on the skin in light-skinned individuals, it may not be as readily apparent in dark-skinned newborns. Therefore, examining the sclera, conjunctiva, and oral mucosa for a yellowish discoloration provides a more reliable indication of jaundice in dark-skinned infants. This approach ensures that healthcare providers can accurately detect and monitor jaundice in newborns of all skin tones.