ATI RN
Infection Prevention and Control NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is performing a sterile dressing change. If new sterile items or supplies are needed, how can they be added to the sterile field?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. When adding new sterile items or supplies to a sterile field during a dressing change, sterile forceps or hands wearing sterile gloves should be used to maintain sterility. This ensures that no contamination occurs. Using clean hands (option B) or clean forceps (option C) does not maintain the sterility of the field. Clean hands wearing clean latex gloves (option D) are not sufficient for maintaining a sterile field as latex gloves are not sterile. Using sterile forceps or hands wearing sterile gloves is essential to prevent the introduction of pathogens and maintain aseptic technique.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is admitting a patient with an infectious disease process. Which question will be most appropriate for a nurse to ask about the patient’s susceptibility to this infectious process?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: "Do you have a chronic disease?" This question is most appropriate as chronic diseases can weaken the immune system, making individuals more susceptible to infectious diseases. Susceptibility is linked to underlying health conditions. Choice A is irrelevant to susceptibility. Choice C focuses on family members, not the patient's own susceptibility. Choice D is unrelated to the patient's susceptibility to the infectious process.
Question 3 of 5
Which interventions utilized by the nurse will indicate the ability to recognize a localized inflammatory response?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Rest, ice, and elevation. This intervention indicates the ability to recognize a localized inflammatory response because it follows the RICE method commonly used for managing inflammation. Rest helps reduce further tissue damage, ice reduces inflammation by constricting blood vessels, and elevation reduces swelling by promoting fluid drainage. A: Vigorous range-of-motion exercises are not appropriate for a localized inflammatory response as they can exacerbate the inflammation and cause further damage. B: Turn, cough, and deep breathe are helpful for preventing respiratory complications but do not directly address a localized inflammatory response. C: Orienting to date, time, and place is important for assessing mental status and orientation but does not directly indicate recognition of a localized inflammatory response.
Question 4 of 5
A diabetic patient presents to the clinic for a dressing change. The wound is located on the right foot and has purulent yellow drainage. Which action will the nurse take to prevent the spread of infection?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. Donning gloves and appropriate personal protective equipment is crucial to prevent the spread of infection when dealing with purulent drainage in a diabetic patient. Here's the rationale: 1. Gloves prevent direct contact with potentially infectious material. 2. Personal protective equipment (e.g., gown, mask) further reduces the risk of contamination. 3. Properly disposing of PPE after use prevents cross-contamination. 4. Positioning the patient comfortably (A) and explaining the procedure (B) are important but do not directly address infection control. Reviewing the medication list (C) is relevant but not the immediate action needed to prevent infection spread.
Question 5 of 5
Which nursing action will most likely increase a patient’s risk for developing a health care–associated infection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because using a clean technique for inserting a urinary catheter can introduce bacteria into the patient's urinary tract, increasing the risk of a healthcare-associated infection. Aseptic technique should be used for invasive procedures like catheter insertion to prevent infection. Choices A, C, and D involve appropriate infection control measures to reduce the risk of healthcare-associated infections.