Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Policy is based on data, which provides the groundwork for decision making. This is the correct answer because the scenario describes the policy committee using statistics about patient satisfaction and recidivism rates to make recommendations for a patient education plan. By utilizing data, the committee is following the IOM 2011 message of basing decisions on evidence and information. A: Nurses achieving higher levels of education is not directly related to the scenario and the committee's decision-making process. B: The requirement of a master's degree for nurses on policy committees is not mentioned in the scenario and is not relevant to the decision-making process described. C: Comparing nurse pay to physicians' pay is not relevant to the scenario or the IOM 2011 message of using data for decision making.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because the main argument against the PPACA in relation to religious beliefs is the mandate requiring all U.S. and legal residents to secure health insurance. This mandate conflicts with the religious beliefs of certain groups that oppose specific medical procedures like circumcision and blood transfusions. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they do not directly address the issue of religious opposition to specific healthcare practices mandated by the PPACA. B pertains to Medicare and Medicaid plans, C relates to preventive services participation, and D refers to health practices outside Western medicine, which are not the primary concern for the opposing groups.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D. The Needlestick Safety and Prevention Act (2000) mandates that employers must document how and where a sharps injury occurred, including the brand of device involved. This helps in identifying patterns of injuries and evaluating the effectiveness of safety devices. Choice A is incorrect because the Act does not specifically mention nurses in managerial positions evaluating safe needle devices. Choice B is incorrect as there is no requirement for registered nurses to pass a test after sustaining a needle stick. Choice C is incorrect as the Act sets federal standards for safe needle devices, not leaving it up to individual states to determine.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Mary Seacole's efforts to care for soldiers during the Crimean War. Mary Seacole was a Jamaican nurse who provided medical care to soldiers during the Crimean War. Her contributions highlighted the important role that black individuals played in nursing. This event marked the first significant recognition of the contributions of blacks to the nursing profession. Explanation of why other choices are incorrect: A: Florence Nightingale's acceptance of black nurses into the first nursing school - While Florence Nightingale is known as a pioneer of modern nursing, her acceptance of black nurses into nursing schools did not specifically lead to the recognition of the contribution of blacks to nursing. B: The contributions of black nurses at the Pennsylvania Hospital, the first hospital in America - While black nurses may have made contributions at Pennsylvania Hospital, this event did not lead to the initial recognition of the contribution of blacks to nursing. D: The work done by wives of wealthy black nobles who carried food and medicine from

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because forensic nurses specialize in caring for victims of violence and abuse, including sexual assault. They are trained to perform detailed assessments of rape victims, collect forensic evidence like DNA samples, and provide compassionate care. This role is crucial in helping the victim receive appropriate medical treatment and support, as well as ensuring the evidence is properly collected for legal proceedings. Choice B is incorrect because it involves triaging patients in an emergency department based on their presenting symptoms, which is typically done by emergency department staff, not forensic nurses. Choice C is incorrect as it describes a scenario more suited to a cardiac nurse or a telehealth nurse, not a forensic nurse. Choice D is incorrect because it involves providing pediatric life support at the scene of an accident, which is the role of emergency medical services personnel or emergency department staff, not forensic nurses.