ATI RN
Med Surg Cardiovascular Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is measuring a waveform of the ECG strip and determines it is normally around 06 to 1 the waveform s/he is measuring is the
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: P wave. The P wave represents atrial depolarization in an ECG strip, typically measuring around 0.06 to 0.1 seconds. This is the first wave in the ECG waveform sequence. The PRI (B) measures the time from the start of the P wave to the start of the QRS complex, the QRS complex (C) represents ventricular depolarization, and the QT interval (D) measures the time from the start of the QRS complex to the end of the T wave. Therefore, the P wave is the most fitting choice based on the given information.
Question 2 of 5
The client is on dobutamine. Adverse effects 0f Dobutrex (dobutamine) include the following: Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Rationale: 1. Dobutamine is a beta-1 adrenergic agonist. 2. Beta-1 stimulation increases heart rate (tachycardia). 3. Tachycardia is a common adverse effect of dobutamine due to increased cardiac output. 4. Heart failure (choice A) and bradycardia (choice B) are unlikely as dobutamine increases heart rate. 5. Respiratory distress (choice D) is not a direct adverse effect of dobutamine. Summary: - Choice C (Tachycardia) is correct as dobutamine increases heart rate. - Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they are not commonly associated with dobutamine use.
Question 3 of 5
The client is being given a calcium channel blocker. Calcium channel blockers have what effect on the heart?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Calcium channel blockers decrease the velocity of electrical activity on the AV node. This is because calcium channel blockers specifically target calcium channels in the heart, which are responsible for the influx of calcium ions during the cardiac action potential. By blocking these channels, calcium channel blockers slow down the rate of electrical conduction through the AV node, leading to a decrease in heart rate and potentially a decrease in blood pressure. Explanation of why the other choices are incorrect: A: Calcium channel blockers do not increase the preload on the heart. Preload is the amount of blood that fills the heart before it contracts, and calcium channel blockers do not directly affect this. C: Calcium channel blockers do not block sodium channels in the heart muscle. They primarily target calcium channels. D: Calcium channel blockers do not cause vasoconstriction of coronary arteries. They may actually cause vasodilation in coronary arteries, leading to increased blood flow to the heart muscle.
Question 4 of 5
The client has paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia. What is the drug of choice to treat this condition?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Adenosine. Adenosine is the drug of choice for treating paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia (PSVT) because it works by slowing down conduction through the AV node, effectively terminating the tachycardia. Flecainide (A) and lidocaine (B) are antiarrhythmic drugs used for ventricular arrhythmias, not PSVT. Metoprolol (C) is a beta-blocker that may be used for long-term management of PSVT but is not the first-line acute treatment like adenosine.
Question 5 of 5
The client is being given nitroprusside to lower the blood pressure. The nurse explains to the client that the drug works how?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because nitroprusside works by relaxing vascular smooth muscle, leading to vasodilation and subsequently lowering blood pressure. Nitroprusside does not affect the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (choice A), calcium channels in blood vessels (choice B), or sodium channels in the heart (choice D). Vasodilation is the primary mechanism of action for nitroprusside in reducing blood pressure.