A nurse is explaining the distinction between confidentiality and privacy. Which of the following would the nurse include as reflecting privacy?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step 1: Privacy refers to the right to keep personal matters and information private. Step 2: Choice A is correct as it reflects the idea that privacy is about personal life not governed by laws. Step 3: Choice B is incorrect as it refers to confidentiality, not privacy. Step 4: Choice C is incorrect as privacy can involve an individual and not necessarily require the involvement of another. Step 5: Choice D is incorrect as knowledge of treatment costs and benefits is more related to informed consent than privacy.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Fidelity. Fidelity refers to the principle of keeping promises and commitments made to others. In this scenario, the nursing student made a promise to visit the patient again after lunch, demonstrating a commitment to the patient's well-being and building a trusting relationship. By choosing to stay behind and talk to the patient instead of going to the gym with classmates, the student is honoring their commitment and acting in accordance with the ethical principle of fidelity. Autonomy (A) relates to respecting the patient's right to make their own decisions, beneficence (B) involves doing good and promoting the patient's well-being, and veracity (D) refers to truthfulness and honesty, none of which are directly applicable in this context.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Brahmans. In Hinduism, the caste system places Brahmans at the top as priests and scholars. They are considered the highest caste due to their role in maintaining spiritual knowledge and performing religious rituals. Brahmans are traditionally respected for their wisdom, knowledge, and purity. Kshatriyas are the warrior caste, Vaisyas are the merchant caste, and Untouchables are considered outside the caste system altogether. Therefore, Brahmans hold the highest status in Hindu society based on their spiritual and intellectual contributions.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Rationale for Correct Answer A: Implementing the teaching plan when the patient's anxiety stabilizes at its current level aligns with Peplau's views on anxiety. At this point, the patient is more receptive to learning and can process information effectively without overwhelming anxiety hindering the learning process. This approach enables the patient to engage in the teaching plan with a manageable level of anxiety, promoting a more successful learning experience. Summary of Incorrect Choices: B: Implementing the teaching plan when the patient's anxiety decreases to a mild level may not be the most effective timing. The patient may still have some residual anxiety that could impact their ability to fully engage in the learning process. C: Waiting until the patient is completely free of anxiety may not be realistic or necessary. A certain level of anxiety is normal, and the goal is to teach the patient to manage anxiety effectively rather than eliminate it entirely. D: Waiting until the patient's anxiety escalates to the panic level is not ideal as it can lead

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Interpersonal relations. Harry Stack Sullivan emphasized the importance of interpersonal relationships in shaping an individual's mental health. He focused on how interactions with others influence one's thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Sullivan's interpersonal theory highlights the significance of social connections in understanding and treating mental health issues. Choice B: Harmony between the individual and society is not a major concept associated with Sullivan's work. While he did consider the impact of societal factors on mental health, his primary focus was on interpersonal dynamics. Choice C: Collective unconscious is a concept from Jungian psychology, not Sullivan. Sullivan's theory was more focused on individual experiences and relationships. Choice D: Unconditional positive regard is a concept from Carl Rogers' person-centered therapy, not Sullivan. While positive regard is important in therapeutic relationships, it is not a central concept in Sullivan's interpersonal theory.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: `I’ll have to get the patient’s signed consent before we can send that information to you. This response is appropriate as it upholds the patient's confidentiality rights as per HIPAA regulations. By obtaining the patient's signed consent, the nurse ensures that Mr. Murray's privacy is protected and that information is not disclosed without authorization. Choice A is incorrect because it is a direct violation of patient confidentiality without obtaining proper consent. Choice C is incorrect as it does not address the request and does not protect patient privacy. Choice D is incorrect as it also discloses patient information without consent, violating confidentiality laws.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Collegiality. Collegiality is a standard of professional performance that involves working collaboratively with other healthcare professionals, showing respect, and fostering a positive work environment. It is essential for effective teamwork and patient care outcomes. A: Prescriptive authority is not a standard of professional performance but rather a specific legal authorization to prescribe medications or treatments. B: Consultation is an important aspect of professional practice but does not directly relate to the standards of professional performance. C: Planning is a necessary skill in nursing practice but is not specifically a standard of professional performance. In summary, collegiality is the correct answer as it directly relates to professional behavior and teamwork, while the other choices are not specifically standards of professional performance.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Cultural identity. The patient's statement reflects their cultural beliefs, values, and practices related to family support and respect for elders, indicating a strong sense of cultural identity. This choice best captures the patient's deep connection to their cultural heritage and traditions. Choice A, Acculturation, refers to the process of adapting to a new culture, which is not evident in the patient's statement. Choice C, Cultural competence, relates to the ability to effectively work with individuals from diverse cultures, which is not explicitly demonstrated by the patient's statement. Choice D, Linguistic competence, pertains to the ability to communicate effectively in different languages, which is not the focus of the patient's statement.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because an alteration in mood or thinking is a key characteristic of mental disorders. Mental disorders often manifest through changes in mood (such as depression or mania) or thinking (such as delusions or impaired cognition). This reflects the presence of significant disturbances in mental functioning. A, B, and D are incorrect because: A: Capacity to interact with others is a broad concept that may not necessarily indicate the presence of a mental disorder. B: Ability to deal with ordinary stress is a measure of resilience rather than a specific indicator of a mental disorder. D: Lack of impaired functioning implies normal functioning, which does not capture the complexity and diversity of mental disorders.