A nurse is examining a 2-year-old. Based on her findings, she initiates a care plan for a potential problem with normal growth and development. Which step of the nursing process identifies actual and potential problems?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: diagnosing. In the nursing process, diagnosing involves analyzing assessment data to identify actual and potential health problems. In this scenario, the nurse is identifying a potential issue with normal growth and development based on assessment findings. Assessing (A) is the data collection step, planning (C) involves developing interventions, and implementing (D) is the action step. Diagnosing is the appropriate step to identify the specific problem and guide the care plan.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: ANA. The American Nurses Association (ANA) provides a comprehensive definition and scope of practice for nursing in the United States. ANA establishes standards, guidelines, and policies to guide nursing practice and ensure quality patient care. Incorrect choices: A: ICN - The International Council of Nurses (ICN) is a global organization that represents nurses worldwide, but it does not specifically define the scope of nursing practice in the U.S. B: AAN - The American Academy of Nursing (AAN) is an organization that focuses on recognizing nursing excellence and leadership, but it does not set standards for nursing practice. D: The Joint Commission - The Joint Commission is a healthcare accreditation organization that focuses on patient safety and quality improvement, but it does not provide a specific definition and scope of practice for nursing.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: American Nurses Association (ANA). The ANA is a professional organization that sets standards for clinical nursing practice in the United States. They develop and update guidelines to ensure high-quality patient care and maintain professional standards. The ANA's standards are evidence-based and widely recognized in the nursing community. Explanation for why other choices are incorrect: B: National League for Nursing (NLN) focuses on nursing education rather than clinical practice standards. C: International Council of Nurses (ICN) is a global organization that does not specifically set standards for clinical nursing practice in the US. D: State Board of Nursing regulates nursing practice at the state level but does not establish national standards for clinical practice.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: evidence-based nursing. By reviewing research-based literature on nasogastric tube insertion, the nurse will base their practice on the best available evidence. This approach integrates clinical expertise, patient values, and the best research evidence to make decisions about patient care. Evidence-based nursing emphasizes using the most current and relevant research to inform practice, ensuring the delivery of high-quality, effective, and safe care. A: Institutional practice does not necessarily involve the systematic review of research literature. B: Authoritative nursing relies heavily on expert opinions rather than research evidence. D: Fsimulated-based nursing is not a recognized term in nursing literature and does not emphasize the critical appraisal of research evidence.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because it demonstrates the influence of societal norms on behavior, known as the sociocultural dimension. By stating "Why shouldn't I drink and drive? Everyone else does," the individual is influenced by the behavior of others in society, showing the impact of social factors on decision-making. Choice B is incorrect as it relates to genetics rather than sociocultural influences. Choice C indicates individual knowledge affecting behavior, not societal influences. Choice D involves a personal choice to use a specific technique for health, not influenced by societal norms.