A nurse is evaluating the effectiveness of teaching regarding care of a child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) that is in remission after the administration of prednisone. The nurse realizes further teaching is required if the parents state what?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D) We understand our child will not be able to attend school, so we will arrange for homeschooling. Rationale: In the case of a child with minimal change nephrotic syndrome (MCNS) in remission after prednisone treatment, it is crucial to understand that school attendance should not be restricted solely due to the condition. MCNS does not typically require the child to be isolated at home or miss school when in remission. This indicates a need for further teaching if the parents express a plan to keep the child out of school. Option A) We will keep our child away from anyone who is ill: This statement reflects a good understanding of infection control practices, which is important for a child with a compromised immune system. It does not indicate a need for further teaching. Option B) We will be sure to administer the prednisone as ordered: This statement shows compliance with the medication regimen, which is essential for managing MCNS. It does not indicate a need for further teaching. Option C) We will encourage our child to eat a balanced diet, but we will watch his salt intake: This statement demonstrates an understanding of dietary recommendations for a child with MCNS. It does not indicate a need for further teaching. Educational Context: It is important for nurses to provide accurate and comprehensive education to parents of children with chronic conditions like MCNS. Understanding the implications of the condition, treatment plan, and lifestyle modifications are crucial for effective management and quality of life for the child. This rationale highlights the significance of clear communication and patient education in pediatric nursing care.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In the context of acute glomerulonephritis, the correct response, "D) Urine output will increase," is the best indication that the condition is improving. This is because acute glomerulonephritis is characterized by decreased urine output due to impaired kidney function. As the kidneys start to recover and function more efficiently, urine output will increase, indicating improved kidney function and clearance of waste products from the body. Option A, "Blood pressure will stabilize," is not the best indicator of improvement in acute glomerulonephritis. While blood pressure management is important in this condition, stabilization of blood pressure alone does not necessarily indicate improvement in kidney function. Option B, "Your child will have more energy," is a vague and subjective indicator that may not directly correlate with the resolution of acute glomerulonephritis. Improved energy levels can be influenced by various factors and may not specifically reflect kidney function. Option C, "Urine will be free of protein," is also not the most immediate or sensitive indicator of improvement in acute glomerulonephritis. While the absence of protein in the urine is a positive sign, it may take time for proteinuria to completely resolve even after other markers of improvement are evident. Educationally, understanding the clinical manifestations and indicators of improvement in acute glomerulonephritis is crucial for nurses caring for children with this condition. Monitoring urine output is a key nursing intervention to assess renal function and response to treatment. By recognizing the significance of increased urine output as a positive sign, nurses can provide appropriate care and education to parents about the progression of the disease.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In a child with acute glomerulonephritis, the nurse should expect the urinalysis during the acute phase to show hematuria and proteinuria, making option B the correct answer. Hematuria, the presence of red blood cells in the urine, is a hallmark sign of glomerulonephritis due to inflammation and damage to the glomeruli in the kidneys. Proteinuria, the presence of protein in the urine, is also commonly seen in glomerulonephritis as damaged glomeruli allow proteins to leak into the urine. Option A (Bacteriuria and hematuria) is incorrect because glomerulonephritis is not typically associated with a bacterial infection of the urinary tract. Option C (Bacteriuria and increased specific gravity) is incorrect as glomerulonephritis is not characterized by bacterial presence in the urine or increased specific gravity. Option D (Proteinuria and decreased specific gravity) is incorrect as decreased specific gravity is not typically seen in glomerulonephritis. Educationally, understanding the expected findings in acute glomerulonephritis is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients with this condition. Recognizing the significance of hematuria and proteinuria in the urinalysis can aid in early detection, prompt intervention, and improved outcomes for children with glomerulonephritis.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In this scenario, the correct action for the nurse to take is option B: Obtain the child's blood pressure and notify the healthcare provider. Blurred vision and headache in a child with acute glomerulonephritis could indicate a rise in blood pressure, which is a common complication of this condition. Monitoring blood pressure is crucial in managing acute glomerulonephritis to prevent hypertensive crisis and further kidney damage. Option A is incorrect because checking urine for increased hematuria does not address the immediate concern of elevated blood pressure and potential hypertensive crisis. Option C, obtaining serum electrolytes and sending urinalysis to the laboratory, is not the priority when dealing with acute symptoms like blurred vision and headache. Option D is also incorrect as reassuring the child and encouraging bed rest do not address the potential medical emergency of hypertension. It is essential for nurses caring for children with acute glomerulonephritis to promptly assess and address signs of increasing blood pressure to prevent complications. Educationally, understanding the relationship between acute glomerulonephritis and hypertension is vital for nurses caring for pediatric patients. This rationale highlights the importance of timely assessment, intervention, and collaboration with the healthcare team to provide safe and effective care for children with renal conditions.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In understanding the peak age at onset for acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, the correct answer is B) 5 to 7 years. This is because this condition typically occurs in children aged 5 to 7 years old. Option A) 2 to 4 years is incorrect because children in this age group are less commonly affected by acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis. Option C) 8 to 10 years and option D) 11 to 13 years are also incorrect as the peak age for this condition falls within the 5 to 7-year-old range. Educationally, understanding the age range at which certain conditions are more prevalent is crucial for nurses caring for pediatric patients. This knowledge informs the nurse's assessment, intervention, and education provided to the child and their family. Understanding the typical age range for acute poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis helps nurses anticipate and provide appropriate care for children presenting with this condition.