ATI RN
Free Medical Surgical Certification Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is evaluating a 3-day diet history with a client who has an elevated lipid panel. What meal selection indicates the client is managing this condition well with diet?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because it includes a lean protein (baked chicken breast) and high-fiber vegetables (broccoli, tomatoes) which are beneficial for managing elevated lipid levels. Lean protein helps reduce saturated fat intake while fiber from vegetables aids in lowering cholesterol levels. Choice A includes a high-saturated fat steak and French fries, not ideal for managing lipid levels. Choice C contains fried catfish and cornbread which are high in unhealthy fats and refined carbohydrates. Choice D has spaghetti with meat sauce and garlic bread, which are high in refined carbohydrates and saturated fats, not recommended for someone with elevated lipid levels.
Question 2 of 5
A client has been diagnosed with hypertension but does not take the antihypertensive medications because of a lack of symptoms. What response by the nurse is best?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. Choice B is correct because it educates the client that hypertension often presents without symptoms. 2. Lack of symptoms does not mean the condition is not serious. 3. This response promotes understanding and adherence to medication. 4. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect as they do not address the main issue of hypertension being asymptomatic.
Question 3 of 5
A nursing student asks what essential hypertension is. What response by the registered nurse is best?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: It is hypertension with no specific cause. Rationale: 1. Essential hypertension is also known as primary or idiopathic hypertension. 2. It is the most common type of hypertension, accounting for about 90-95% of cases. 3. The exact cause of essential hypertension is unknown, but it is believed to be due to a combination of genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. 4. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect because essential hypertension is not caused by another disease, does not necessarily require treatment as essential means "fundamental," and is not specifically severe or life-threatening.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is interested in providing community education and screening on hypertension. In order to reach a priority population, to what target audience should the nurse provide this service?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: African American churches. This target audience is appropriate because African Americans have a higher prevalence of hypertension compared to other ethnic groups. By providing education and screening at African American churches, the nurse can reach a population that is at higher risk for hypertension. Churches are also community hubs where individuals gather regularly, making it an effective platform for health promotion. Choice B: Asian American groceries is incorrect as it does not specifically target a population with a high prevalence of hypertension. Choice C: High school sports camps may not be an ideal target audience for hypertension education as the focus is typically on physical fitness rather than chronic disease management. Choice D: Women's health clinics may not reach the priority population of African Americans who have a higher prevalence of hypertension.
Question 5 of 5
A client with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) appears thin and disheveled. Which question should the nurse ask first?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct question to ask first is C: "Do you experience shortness of breath with basic activities?" This is because shortness of breath is a common and concerning symptom in COPD patients that can greatly impact their quality of life and indicate disease progression. By addressing this symptom first, the nurse can assess the severity of the client's condition and determine the immediate need for intervention or treatment. Asking about support system (A) is important but not as urgent as addressing the primary symptom. Inquiring about the client's understanding of the disease (B) and medications (D) is also important but should come after addressing the immediate symptom of shortness of breath.