ATI RN
Infection Control Quiz Questions and Answers Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is educating a rural community group on how to avoid contracting West Nile virus by using approved insect repellant and wearing proper coverings when outdoors. By what means is the pathogen involved in West Nile virus transmitted?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Vectors. West Nile virus is primarily transmitted to humans through the bite of infected mosquitoes, which serve as vectors for the pathogen. Mosquitoes become infected by feeding on birds that carry the virus. Direct contact (A) and indirect contact (B) are not common routes of transmission for West Nile virus. The virus is not transmitted through the air (C) but rather through the bite of an infected mosquito. Therefore, the most accurate means of transmission for the pathogen involved in West Nile virus is through vectors, making option D the correct choice.
Question 2 of 5
What are the recommended cleansing agents for hand hygiene in any setting when the risk of infection is high?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Antimicrobial products. Antimicrobial products are recommended for hand hygiene in high infection risk settings as they are specifically designed to kill or inhibit the growth of microorganisms, reducing the risk of spreading infections. Liquid or bar hand soap (A) may not be effective against all types of pathogens. Cold water (B) is not as effective in removing dirt and germs as hot water (C), but temperature alone does not eliminate microbes. Antimicrobial products have proven efficacy in reducing microbial load on hands, making them the most suitable choice for high infection risk settings.
Question 3 of 5
The latest CDC guidelines designate standard precautions for all substances except which of the following?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Sweat. Standard precautions are recommended for all bodily fluids and substances that may contain bloodborne pathogens. Sweat does not typically contain a significant amount of pathogens compared to blood, urine, and vomitus. Therefore, the CDC guidelines do not designate standard precautions for sweat. Urine (A), blood (B), and vomitus (D) are all bodily fluids that can potentially contain pathogens and require standard precautions to prevent transmission of infections.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is required to clean the open wounds of a client who has been involved in an automobile accident. What intervention would the nurse need to perform when cleaning open wounds to protect himself from infection?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Wear a pair of sterile latex gloves. This is the appropriate intervention to protect the nurse from infection while cleaning open wounds. Sterile latex gloves create a barrier between the nurse's hands and the client's wound, minimizing the risk of cross-contamination. Alcohol-based hand wash (choice A) is important for hand hygiene but does not provide sufficient protection for open wound cleaning. Sterilizing acid (choice C) is too harsh and can damage the wound tissue. Using sterile solutions such as normal saline (choice D) is beneficial for wound irrigation but does not replace the need for gloves to protect against infection transmission.
Question 5 of 5
What is the minimal amount of time that a nurse should scrub hands that are not visibly soiled for effective hand hygiene?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: 20 seconds. This is in line with the CDC guidelines, which recommend scrubbing hands for at least 20 seconds for effective hand hygiene. This duration allows for adequate removal of germs and pathogens. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect as they exceed the necessary time for hand scrubbing, which can lead to unnecessary skin irritation and wastage of resources. Option B (30 seconds) is slightly longer than needed, while options C (1 minute) and D (5 minutes) far exceed the recommended time, making them impractical and potentially harmful to the skin.