A nurse is educating a postpartum person about newborn care. What is the best way to prevent diaper rash?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: apply petroleum jelly to the skin. Petroleum jelly acts as a barrier, protecting the baby's skin from moisture and irritants in the diaper. It helps maintain the skin's natural moisture and prevents diaper rash. Rationale: 1. Petroleum jelly creates a protective barrier on the skin, preventing direct contact with moisture and irritants. 2. It helps to keep the skin moisturized, reducing the risk of irritation. 3. Petroleum jelly is safe and gentle on the baby's skin. 4. It is particularly effective for preventing diaper rash compared to other options. Summary: A: Frequent diaper changes are important but may not provide enough protection against moisture and irritants. B: Barrier creams can be effective, but petroleum jelly is a more commonly recommended option. D: Changing diapers frequently is essential, but applying petroleum jelly as an additional protective measure is more effective in preventing diaper rash.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, to increase fetal monitoring. This is crucial to assess the fetal well-being and identify any potential distress or complications early on. Monitoring allows for timely interventions to be implemented to optimize outcomes. Increasing oxygen flow (A) may be necessary in some cases, but it is not the initial priority. Administering an analgesic (C) may help with pain management but does not address the fetal heart rate patterns. Increasing fluid intake (D) is important for hydration but is not directly related to managing fetal heart rate patterns.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: administer oxygen. Fetal bradycardia indicates reduced oxygen supply to the fetus, so providing oxygen to the laboring person can help increase oxygen levels for the fetus. This intervention is crucial to prevent further complications. Increasing fluid intake (A) may not address the immediate issue of fetal distress. Monitoring fetal heart rate continuously (C) is important but not the priority when immediate intervention is needed. Placing the laboring person on their left side (D) can help optimize fetal oxygenation, but administering oxygen is more direct and effective in this situation.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: apply lanolin cream. Lanolin cream helps to soothe and moisturize the nipples, reducing pain and promoting healing. It is safe for the baby and does not need to be removed before breastfeeding. Applying analgesics (B) is not recommended as they can be harmful to the baby. Warm compresses (C) may not provide the same level of relief for nipple pain as lanolin cream. Cold compresses (D) are not suitable for relieving nipple pain as they can further exacerbate discomfort. Therefore, applying lanolin cream is the best intervention for relieving nipple pain during breastfeeding.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: apply gentle downward pressure. This intervention helps prevent rapid expulsion of the baby, reducing the risk of perineal tears and minimizing maternal discomfort. It also helps control the delivery process, ensuring a safe and controlled birth. Incorrect Choices: B: Perineal massage is not indicated at the crowning stage as it may interfere with the natural birthing process. C: Administering pain relief should have been addressed earlier in labor and is not a priority at this stage. D: Administering IV fluids is important for hydration but is not the most critical intervention when the fetal head is crowning.