A nurse is educating a group of clients about addiction. The nurse should include that which of the following factors increases the potential for addiction?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: In the context of behavioral health nursing care plans, understanding the factors that increase the potential for addiction is crucial for providing effective education and support to clients. Option B, "The developing brain is exposed to substances at an early age," is the correct answer. This is because the developing brain is particularly vulnerable to the effects of substances, which can lead to changes in brain chemistry and function, increasing the risk of addiction. Option A, "Medical insurance availability for substance use disorder treatment," is incorrect because while access to treatment is important, it does not directly increase the potential for addiction. In fact, improved access to treatment can help individuals recover from addiction. Option C, "The brain already has cognitive deficits that cause it to be vulnerable to addiction," is also incorrect. While cognitive deficits can impact decision-making and impulse control, they do not necessarily predispose a person to addiction. Option D, "Initial use of substances began in adulthood," is incorrect because the age of onset of substance use alone does not determine the potential for addiction. The key factor is how the substances affect the developing brain, especially during critical periods of growth and development. Educationally, it is important to highlight the impact of early substance exposure on the developing brain to emphasize the need for prevention efforts and early interventions. By understanding these underlying factors, nurses can better support clients in making informed choices and accessing appropriate care for addiction issues.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C) Having a physical disability. Adverse Childhood Experiences (ACEs) are traumatic events occurring before the age of 18, which can have lasting negative effects on health and well-being. Children with physical disabilities may experience higher levels of stress, social isolation, and challenges in coping with their condition, leading to an increased risk of developing anxiety disorders. Option A, having a family with a strong social support system, is incorrect because while social support can be protective against the negative effects of stress, it is not considered an adverse childhood experience. Option B, having caregivers who have steady employment, is incorrect as well. While stable employment can contribute to a more secure and supportive environment for a child, it is not an adverse experience in itself. Option D, performing well in school, is also incorrect. Academic achievement is a positive factor and not considered an adverse experience. In fact, it can be a protective factor against developing anxiety disorders. In an educational context, it is crucial for nurses and healthcare professionals to understand the impact of adverse childhood experiences on mental health outcomes. By recognizing and addressing these experiences, healthcare providers can better support children and families in managing and preventing the development of anxiety disorders.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse should suspect that the client has used hallucinogens. Hallucinogens such as LSD, psilocybin, or PCP can cause symptoms like paranoia, hallucinations, disorientation, and erratic behavior, which align with the client's presentation. These substances can lead to altered perceptions of reality and severe psychological distress, explaining the client's behavior of yelling, paranoia, and gesturing at unseen entities. Regarding the other options: A) Anabolic steroids: Anabolic steroids do not typically cause the acute behavioral symptoms described in the client. They are more associated with physical effects like muscle growth. B) Opioids: While opioids can cause altered mental status, they are more likely to result in sedation, respiratory depression, and pinpoint pupils rather than the hallucinatory symptoms exhibited by the client. C) Stimulants: Stimulants like cocaine or amphetamines can induce paranoia and agitation, but they are less likely to cause the vivid hallucinations and perceptual disturbances observed in this case. Understanding the effects of different substances on behavior is crucial for nurses in emergency settings to provide appropriate and timely care. Recognizing the signs of hallucinogen use can guide the nurse in managing the client's safety, addressing their psychological distress, and ensuring proper medical intervention. This knowledge aids in conducting a thorough assessment, implementing relevant interventions, and promoting a safe and supportive environment for individuals experiencing substance-related issues.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: In this scenario, the nurse's priority should be option C: Awareness of potential for self-harm. Borderline personality disorder is characterized by impulsivity, emotional instability, and a high risk of self-harm or suicide. By educating the family about the potential for self-harm, the nurse is addressing a critical safety concern and helping the family understand the seriousness of the diagnosis. This information empowers the family to provide a safe environment and intervene effectively in case of a crisis. Option A, providing resources for group therapy, is important for long-term management of borderline personality disorder, but safety concerns must be addressed first. Option B, medication compliance, is relevant but not as immediate as addressing the risk of self-harm. Option D, information about insurance coverage, is important but is not as urgent or critical as ensuring the safety of the client. In an educational context, understanding the priority of addressing immediate safety concerns in clients with borderline personality disorder is crucial for nurses providing care in behavioral health settings. Emphasizing the importance of assessing and managing the risk of self-harm is fundamental to ensuring the well-being of clients with this condition.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: In clients with dependent personality disorder, the correct finding is that they are fearful of making decisions (Option A). This is because individuals with this disorder typically have an excessive need to be taken care of, which leads to a lack of confidence in their abilities to make decisions independently. This fear of making decisions can manifest in various aspects of their lives, from daily choices to significant life decisions. Options B, C, and D are incorrect for clients with dependent personality disorder. Option B, erratic behaviors, is more commonly associated with conditions like borderline personality disorder or certain mood disorders. Option C, dramatic behaviors, are characteristic of histrionic personality disorder. Option D, easily expressing disagreement with others, is not typical for individuals with dependent personality disorder, as they often avoid conflict and seek approval from others to maintain their sense of security and reliance. Educationally, understanding the specific characteristics and common findings associated with different personality disorders is crucial for nurses in planning effective care. By recognizing these distinctions, nurses can tailor interventions and support strategies to meet the unique needs of clients with various personality disorders, promoting better outcomes and enhancing the therapeutic relationship.