A nurse is educating a group about male infertility. What factor is most likely to affect sperm quality?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C, exposure to high temperatures. Sperm quality can be significantly affected by high temperatures as heat can damage sperm production. Elevated scrotal temperatures can impair sperm production and motility. Frequent exercise (choice A) is generally beneficial for overall health, including reproductive function. The use of mobile phones (choice B) has not been definitively linked to male infertility. Dietary habits (choice D) can influence overall health but are not as directly linked to sperm quality as exposure to high temperatures.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because focusing on the fertile window around ovulation maximizes the chances of conception. Ovulation is the most fertile time, so timing intercourse during this period increases the likelihood of pregnancy. Having intercourse daily throughout the menstrual cycle (A) may not be necessary and could lead to fatigue. Avoiding intercourse for a week before ovulation (C) decreases the chances of conception as sperm can survive up to 5 days in the female reproductive tract. Only having intercourse after confirming ovulation (D) may miss the optimal window for conception.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because folic acid is known to prevent neural tube defects like spina bifida in the developing fetus. This is crucial in the early stages of pregnancy when the neural tube is forming. Other choices are incorrect because folic acid does not directly impact egg quality, the risk of multiple pregnancies, or hormone levels during ovulation. Overall, the primary rationale for recommending folic acid before conception is to ensure the proper development of the baby's neural tube.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: The most common risk is ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS). This is because during ovulation induction, there is a risk of overstimulating the ovaries, leading to OHSS. This condition can cause abdominal pain, bloating, and in severe cases, fluid accumulation in the abdomen and chest. Other choices are incorrect: A is false as there are risks associated with ovulation induction. C is incorrect because ovulation induction actually increases the chances of conception. D is incorrect as risks can also occur with oral medications, not just injectables.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because hCG (human chorionic gonadotropin) levels rise after implantation of the fertilized egg in the uterus, confirming pregnancy. This hormone is produced by the developing placenta and is the key marker used in early pregnancy tests to detect pregnancy. A is incorrect because hCG does not stimulate ovulation; rather, it is produced after ovulation to support pregnancy. C is incorrect because while hCG plays a role in supporting pregnancy, it does not directly reduce the risk of miscarriage. D is incorrect because hCG does not suppress the menstrual cycle; it is actually produced during pregnancy and is essential for maintaining the pregnancy.