ATI RN
Maternity and Pediatric Nursing 4th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is educating a family whose child is newly diagnosed with scoliosis. The nurse explains that the goal of therapy is to:
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The goal of therapy for scoliosis is to limit or stop the progression of the curvature. This can involve a combination of treatments such as bracing, physical therapy, and sometimes surgery. By addressing the curvature early and implementing appropriate interventions, healthcare providers aim to prevent further worsening of the spinal deformity and improve the long-term outcomes for the child. Minimizing the progression of scoliosis is crucial to prevent complications such as back pain, breathing difficulties, and cosmetic concerns. Therefore, educating the family on the importance of therapy in limiting or stopping the curvature progression is a key aspect of managing scoliosis in children.
Question 2 of 5
Bennett was rushed to the emergency department with possible increased intracranial pressure (ICP); which of the following is an early clinical manifestation of increased ICP in older children? (Select all that apply.)
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Papilledema is a common early clinical manifestation of increased intracranial pressure (ICP) in older children. Papilledema is defined as optic disc swelling due to increased ICP transmitted to the optic nerve sheath. This can be visualized during a fundoscopic examination. It is important to identify papilledema promptly as it may signify increased ICP, which requires urgent evaluation and management to prevent potential complications. While other signs like Macewen's sign, Setting sun sign, and Diplopia can also indicate increased ICP, papilledema is a more specific sign seen in older children.
Question 3 of 5
Prenatal screening is recommended for all pregnant women to detect neural tube defect. If a neural tube defect is present, one of the following is often elevated
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) levels are elevated in maternal serum when a neural tube defect is present due to fetal leakage of AFP into the amniotic fluid and maternal circulation.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is examining 12-month-old Amy, who was brought to the clinic for persistent diaper rash. The nurse finds perianal inflammation with satellite lesions that cross the inguinal folds. What is most likely the cause of the diaper rash?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The presentation of perianal inflammation with satellite lesions that cross the inguinal folds is highly suggestive of a Candida albicans (yeast) diaper rash. Yeast diaper rash is characterized by redness, swollenness, and usually involves the skin folds. The warm, moist environment created by a diaper provides an ideal setting for Candida albicans to grow and cause a rash. The presence of satellite lesions that cross the inguinal folds further supports the diagnosis of a yeast infection rather than other causes like impetigo, irritation from urine and feces, or infrequent diapering. Treatment for yeast diaper rash typically involves antifungal creams or ointments.
Question 5 of 5
During the physical examination of a client for a possible neurologic disorder, how can the nurse examine the client for stiffness and rigidity of the neck?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The nurse can examine the client for stiffness and rigidity of the neck by moving the head and chin of the client toward the chest. This maneuver, known as neck flexion, assesses the resistance and presence of stiffness in the neck muscles. Stiffness and rigidity of the neck muscles may suggest conditions such as meningitis, cervical dystonia, or other neurologic disorders. It is important for the nurse to perform this examination maneuver carefully to avoid causing discomfort or injury to the client.