ATI RN
Fundamental Concepts and Skills for Nursing Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
A nurse is educating a client with cardiomyopathy about diet choices that are appropriate for the client's condition. Which statement is inappropriate for the nurse to include in the teaching session?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: While it is important for individuals with cardiomyopathy to maintain a well-balanced diet that includes adequate protein, stating that increasing dietary protein specifically helps with cardiac cell repair may not be entirely accurate. The primary focus for individuals with cardiomyopathy should be on overall heart-healthy choices such as monitoring sodium intake, avoiding high-fat, high-cholesterol foods, and following a well-rounded diet plan. Protein can be a part of this plan but it should not be emphasized as the main component for cardiac cell repair. Consulting with a dietitian who can provide personalized guidance and recommendations based on the individual's specific condition is crucial.
Question 2 of 9
A patient is being treated for a condition where the pituitary gland is producing an increased amount of antidiuretic hormone (ADH). What finding would the nurse most likely assess in this patient?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: An increased amount of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) leads to the condition known as syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH). This condition results in the kidneys absorbing more water, which leads to decreased urine output (oliguria) and concentrated urine. The increased ADH levels cause the body to retain fluid, leading to a decrease in urine output and potential complications such as hyponatremia (low sodium levels), which can be harmful. Increased facial hair growth or decreased testosterone production are not directly related to an overproduction of ADH.
Question 3 of 9
The nurse is reviewing a patient’s manifestations to determine if dementia is present. What information will help the nurse with this determination? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: A. Dementia causes impaired short- and long-term memory: Impaired memory is a common symptom of dementia, affecting both short-term and long-term memory. Patients may struggle to remember recent events or past memories, which can significantly impact their daily functioning.
Question 4 of 9
The nurse provides medication teaching for a client who will be going home on new medications. Which statement by the client best illustrates compliance with the medication plan?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The statement "If I take my medications as prescribed, I'll feel better" best illustrates compliance with the medication plan. This statement shows an understanding of the importance of following the prescribed medication regimen and the potential positive outcomes of adherence to the plan. It demonstrates the client's willingness to adhere to the instructions given by the nurse, which is essential for successful medication management and treatment outcomes.
Question 5 of 9
A client is scheduled for temporary pacemaker insertion. What instruction will this client need prior to discharge?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct instruction for a client who is scheduled for temporary pacemaker insertion is to use battery-powered equipment. This is because temporary pacemakers are powered by an external power source, typically a battery pack worn by the client. Therefore, it is important for the client to be aware of this and ensure that they have access to the necessary battery-powered equipment at home for the pacemaker to function properly. The other options are not appropriate instructions for a client with a temporary pacemaker.
Question 6 of 9
The nurse caring is caring for a client who is recovering from a hysterectomy. Which clinical manifestation supports that the client is experiencing a pulmonary embolism (PE)?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a serious condition where a blood clot travels to the lungs and blocks blood flow, which can be life-threatening. Common clinical manifestations of PE include sudden onset of dyspnea (difficulty breathing), chest pain (sharp, stabbing pain that may worsen with deep breaths), tachypnea (rapid breathing), tachycardia (rapid heart rate), and possibly cough or hemoptysis (coughing up blood). In the context of a client recovering from a hysterectomy, it is crucial to recognize the signs of PE as early intervention is essential to prevent serious complications. Nausea, decreased urine output, and activity intolerance are not typical clinical manifestations of a pulmonary embolism and should not be the primary focus when suspecting a PE in this scenario.
Question 7 of 9
The nurse is instructing an older adult client about atorvastatin (Lipitor) to treat elevated cholesterol. Which side effects should the nurse advise the client to report to the healthcare provider?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Atorvastatin (Lipitor) is a medication commonly used to treat high cholesterol levels. One of the serious side effects associated with atorvastatin use is muscle pain and weakness. This could be a sign of a rare but serious condition known as rhabdomyolysis, which is the breakdown of muscle tissue that can lead to kidney damage. Therefore, it is crucial for the client to report any muscle pain or weakness promptly to their healthcare provider to prevent any serious complications. Headaches and nausea are common side effects that may not require urgent attention. Bruising and excessive bleeding usually indicate a different issue, such as a bleeding disorder or anticoagulant medication effect. Shortness of breath and coughing are not typically associated with atorvastatin use and may suggest other health problems that require evaluation by a healthcare provider.
Question 8 of 9
The nurse is assessing a client being treated for congestive heart failure (CHF). Which physical findings would indicate that the client's condition is not improving? Select all that apply.
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Wheezing breath sounds in all lobes indicate airway obstruction or narrowing, which may be a sign of worsening heart failure leading to pulmonary congestion. Wheezing can be a result of fluid accumulation in the lungs (pulmonary edema) due to inadequate pumping of the heart in CHF. Monitoring for respiratory symptoms such as wheezing is crucial in assessing the effectiveness of treatment for congestive heart failure. In this case, the presence of wheezing suggests that the client's condition is not improving and requires further evaluation and intervention.
Question 9 of 9
An older patient with heart failure is prescribed digoxin (Lanoxin) 125 mg by mouth three times a week. What action should the nurse take regarding this prescribed medication?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: For an older patient with heart failure prescribed digoxin (Lanoxin) 125 mcg by mouth three times a week, the nurse should administer the drug as prescribed while monitoring for manifestations of toxicity. Digoxin is a medication commonly used in heart failure, but it has a narrow therapeutic index, meaning that the difference between a therapeutic dose and a toxic dose is small. Older patients are more susceptible to digoxin toxicity due to age-related changes in pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics, as well as potential comorbidities. Therefore, close monitoring for signs and symptoms of digoxin toxicity, such as nausea, vomiting, visual disturbances, and cardiac arrhythmias, is essential. It is important for the nurse to be vigilant for any early signs of toxicity and communicate any concerns to the healthcare provider promptly.