A nurse is documenting information about a patient in a long-term care facility. What is used in a Medicare-certified facility as a comprehensive assessment and as the foundation for the Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI)?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: minimum data. In a Medicare-certified facility, the comprehensive assessment uses minimum data as the foundation for the Resident Assessment Instrument (RAI) process. This process ensures standardized data collection and helps in determining the patient's care needs accurately. The other choices are incorrect: A) PIE system is a nursing documentation model, not specific to comprehensive assessments in long-term care facilities; C) OASIS is used in home health agencies, not long-term care facilities; D) charting by exception is a documentation method that focuses on documenting only significant findings, not a comprehensive assessment tool.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C because nursing theories indeed provide a knowledge base for appropriate nursing responses. Nursing theories help guide nurses in understanding patient care, decision-making, and interventions. Choice A is incorrect because nursing theories do not solely provide rational reasons for interventions; they offer a comprehensive framework. Choice B is incorrect because nursing theories are not solely based on what nursing should be, but rather they encompass a broader understanding of nursing practice. Choice D is incorrect because while nursing theories can stimulate discussions on nursing issues, their primary purpose is to provide a foundation for nursing practice.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because it highlights a cultural belief influencing health decisions. Jehovah's Witnesses refuse blood transfusions due to religious beliefs, impacting health outcomes. This demonstrates how sociocultural factors can directly affect health decisions and status. Choices A, C, and D do not specifically address cultural beliefs impacting health. A is more environmental, C is psychological, and D is socioeconomic.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: physiologic. Maslow's hierarchy of needs starts with physiological needs, which include water, food, and rest. Measuring intake and output, as well as weighing the patient, directly address the physiological need for water balance. This is essential for maintaining the patient's health and well-being. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they correspond to higher levels of the hierarchy such as safety, love, and self-actualization, which are not directly addressed by the actions of measuring intake and output and weighing the patient.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: considerations of power. In this scenario, the nurse needs to consider the power dynamics at play due to the social status of the children's families. The child of a famous sports figure may have more influence and resources, potentially leading to unfair advantages in accessing healthcare compared to the child from a low-income family. By being aware of these power dynamics, the nurse can advocate for equal treatment and fair allocation of resources. A: Balance between benefits and harms in patient care is important but not as relevant in this context as considering power dynamics. B: Norms of family life may be important in some situations but do not directly address the ethical consideration of power in this scenario. D: Cost-effectiveness and allocation are important factors but do not directly address the ethical consideration of power dynamics between the two children's families.