ATI RN
Fundamentals of Nursing Oxygenation Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is discussing ventilation and perfusion with a newly licensed nurse. The nurse should include in the discussion that the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs at which of the following locations?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Alveoli. Alveoli are tiny air sacs in the lungs where the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide takes place during respiration. Oxygen from the air we breathe diffuses into the blood in the capillaries surrounding the alveoli, while carbon dioxide from the blood diffuses into the alveoli to be exhaled. The trachea (A) is a passageway for air, the diaphragm (C) is a muscle involved in breathing, and the bronchial tubes (D) are airways leading to the lungs, but the actual gas exchange occurs in the alveoli.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with acute bronchitis. Which instruction is most important for preventing complications?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Drink at least 8 glasses of water daily. Adequate hydration helps thin mucus, making it easier to expel and reducing the risk of complications like pneumonia. Humidifiers can actually worsen bronchitis by promoting mold growth. Light exercise can help with lung function, but hydration is more crucial. Cough suppressants may hinder mucus clearance, leading to further complications.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is assessing a client with chronic bronchitis. Which finding is most concerning?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Oxygen saturation of 88%. This finding is most concerning because it indicates hypoxemia, which can lead to serious complications in a client with chronic bronchitis. Hypoxemia can result in tissue damage and impaired organ function. A low oxygen saturation level requires immediate intervention to prevent further deterioration. Choice A (Productive cough with thick sputum) is a common symptom of chronic bronchitis and may indicate an exacerbation, but it is not as immediately concerning as hypoxemia. Choice B (Clubbing of fingers) is a late sign of chronic hypoxemia and may be present in clients with chronic bronchitis, but it is not as urgent as a low oxygen saturation level. Choice C (Peripheral cyanosis) is also a sign of hypoxemia, but oxygen saturation level provides a more accurate assessment of the client's oxygenation status.
Question 4 of 5
A client with pneumonia develops pleuritic chest pain. What is the nurse's priority intervention?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administering prescribed analgesics. The priority intervention is to manage the client's pain to promote comfort and encourage deep breathing and coughing. This helps prevent complications such as atelectasis. Positioning for comfort is important but not the priority when the client is experiencing pleuritic chest pain. Assessing for pleural effusion is relevant but not the immediate priority over addressing the client's pain.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client with asthma how to use a peak flow meter. Which instruction should be included?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Use the meter before taking bronchodilators. This is because measuring peak flow before using bronchodilators provides a baseline measurement of the client's lung function. Taking bronchodilators could artificially improve the results, making it harder to assess the true severity of the asthma. Explanation for why other choices are incorrect: B: Taking a deep breath and exhaling slowly is not necessary for using a peak flow meter. C: Performing the test while lying down can affect the accuracy of the results as the body position can impact lung function. D: Repeating the test and recording the result may not be necessary unless specifically instructed by the healthcare provider.