ATI RN
Burns Pediatric Primary Care 7th Edition Test Bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is directed to administer a hypotonic intravenous solution. The nurse expects that compensatory mechanisms associated with hypovolemia would cause all of the following symptoms except:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Hypotonic solutions have lower osmolarity compared to the intracellular fluid, causing water to move into the cells by osmosis. This can lead to further swelling of the cells in the body. In the case of hypovolemia, the body is already experiencing a deficit of fluid and electrolytes, so administering a hypotonic solution like 0.90% sodium chloride would further exacerbate cellular swelling and potentially lead to cellular damage. Therefore, using 0.90% sodium chloride as a compensatory mechanism for hypovolemia would not be appropriate.
Question 2 of 5
You are evaluating a 6-mo-old girl with a firm right suprarenal mass. Histologically, there is no bony involvement, 10% bone marrow involvement, subcutaneous nodules involvement, and massive abdominal mass. The N-myc oncogene is not amplified. According to the international neuroblastoma staging system, the infant is stratified as
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: Stage IV S refers to infants <1 year with localized primary tumor, distant metastases limited to liver, skin, or bone marrow (with <10% involvement), and no amplification of N-myc.
Question 3 of 5
Pulmonary edema is characterized by:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Pulmonary edema is characterized by increased hydrostatic pressure in the pulmonary capillaries and a rise in pulmonary venous pressure, which leads to fluid leaking out of the pulmonary capillaries and into the alveoli. This results in elevated left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, which is a key characteristic of pulmonary edema. Therefore, all of the above alterations (increased hydrostatic pressure, a rise in pulmonary venous pressure, and elevated left ventricular end-diastolic pressure) are seen in pulmonary edema.
Question 4 of 5
Clay is an 8-year-old boy diagnosed with heart failure. Which of the following shows that he is strictly following the directed therapeutic regimen?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: In a young child like Clay who is diagnosed with heart failure, following the directed therapeutic regimen would involve maintaining a normal weight for his age. Weight monitoring is crucial in managing heart failure as excessive weight gain could lead to worsening of symptoms and complications. Ensuring that Clay stays within a normal weight range for his age shows his adherence to dietary recommendations, fluid restrictions, and overall treatment plan aimed at managing his heart failure effectively. Monitoring his weight would also help healthcare providers assess if the treatment plan is working and make necessary adjustments as needed. Therefore, Clay maintaining a normal weight for his age indicates that he is strictly following the directed therapeutic regimen for his heart failure.
Question 5 of 5
A woman delivers a 3,250 g neonate at 42 weeks' gestation. Which physical finding is expected during an examination if this neonate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: A neonate born at 42 weeks' gestation, also known as post-term, is expected to have skin that appears leathery, cracked, and wrinkled due to prolonged exposure to the amniotic fluid in utero. This is a common physical finding in post-term neonates due to the decreased amount of vernix caseosa and amniotic fluid present on the skin at birth. Abundant lanugo (fine hair), absence of sole creases, and breast bud development are more commonly seen in preterm or term newborns, rather than post-term newborns.