ATI RN
Gastrointestinal System Nursing Exam Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is developing a teaching plan for the client with viral hepatitis. The nurse plans to tell the client which of the following in the teaching session?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A. For a client with viral hepatitis, limiting activity helps prevent fatigue and aids in recovery. Excessive activity can worsen symptoms. Choice B is incorrect because a low-calorie diet may not provide enough nutrients for the body to fight the infection. Choice C is incorrect as large meals can strain the liver and worsen symptoms. Choice D is incorrect as any alcohol intake can further damage the liver in viral hepatitis. In summary, choice A is correct as it promotes rest and aids recovery, while the other choices can potentially worsen the condition.
Question 2 of 5
A home care nurse is visiting a client with a diagnosis of pernicious anemia that developed as a result of gastric surgery. The nurse instructs the client that because the stomach lining produces a decreased amount of intrinsic factor in this disorder, the client will need
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Vitamin B12 injections. Pernicious anemia results from a lack of intrinsic factor, which is necessary for the absorption of vitamin B12 in the intestines. Therefore, the client with this disorder will need vitamin B12 injections to bypass the need for intrinsic factor. Choice B (Vitamin B6 injections) is incorrect because pernicious anemia specifically involves a deficiency in vitamin B12, not B6. Choice C (An antibiotic) is incorrect as antibiotics are not indicated for pernicious anemia. Choice D (An antacid) is also incorrect as it does not address the underlying issue of vitamin B12 deficiency caused by the lack of intrinsic factor.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse assesses the client's understanding of the relationship between body position and gastroesophageal reflux. Which response would indicate that the client understands measures to avoid problems with reflux while sleeping?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: "I can elevate the head of the bed 4 to 6 inches." Elevating the head of the bed helps to prevent gastroesophageal reflux by promoting gravity to keep stomach acid from moving back into the esophagus. This position helps to keep the stomach contents in place and reduces the likelihood of reflux during sleep. Choice A is incorrect because elevating the foot of the bed would not be effective in preventing reflux; it may even exacerbate the issue. Choice B is incorrect as sleeping on the stomach can increase pressure on the stomach and worsen reflux. Choice C is also incorrect as sleeping on the back without a pillow under the head may not provide the necessary elevation to prevent reflux effectively.
Question 4 of 5
A client with ulcerative colitis is diagnosed with a mild case of the disease. The nurse doing dietary teaching gives the client examples of foods to eat that represent which of the following therapeutic diets?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Low-roughage without milk. In mild cases of ulcerative colitis, a low-roughage diet is recommended to reduce irritation to the colon. Roughage can exacerbate symptoms. Avoiding milk is also common as lactose intolerance may develop. High-fat (A) and high-protein (B) diets can be difficult to digest and may worsen symptoms. Low-roughage with milk (D) is incorrect as milk can irritate the colon in some individuals with ulcerative colitis.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is inserting a nasogastric tube in an adult client. During the procedure, the client begins to cough and has difficulty breathing. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing action?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Pull back on the tube and wait until the respiratory distress subsides. This action allows for the nurse to relieve the pressure on the airway caused by the nasogastric tube, potentially alleviating the client's difficulty in breathing. It is important to prioritize the client's respiratory status and ensure they can breathe comfortably before proceeding with the procedure. A: Removing the tube may worsen the respiratory distress and delay appropriate intervention. C: Quickly inserting the tube can further compromise the client's breathing and cause more distress. D: While notifying the physician is important, immediate intervention to address the breathing difficulty is crucial before seeking further assistance.