A nurse is conducting a health needs assessment for a community. Which of the following is an example of qualitative data?

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Interview data from community members about health concerns. Qualitative data involves gathering information that is descriptive in nature and helps understand feelings, opinions, and behaviors. In this scenario, conducting interviews with community members provides insights into their perspectives on health issues, which cannot be quantified. The other choices (A, B, D) involve numerical data or statistical information, which are examples of quantitative data and do not capture the subjective experiences or opinions of individuals. Therefore, C is the correct answer as it aligns with the definition and characteristics of qualitative data.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because encouraging walking groups in the community is a cost-effective and inclusive strategy that promotes physical activity among community members of all ages and fitness levels. Walking groups are easy to organize, require minimal resources, and provide social support, making them sustainable and accessible. A: Offering free fitness classes may not be sustainable in the long term and may not appeal to all community members. C: Providing gym memberships may not be feasible for all community members and may not address barriers to physical activity. D: Organizing a marathon is a one-time event and may not provide ongoing opportunities for physical activity for the community.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step 1: Advocating for smoke-free environments in public spaces directly impacts the community by reducing exposure to secondhand smoke. Step 2: This initiative promotes a healthier environment for everyone, not just smokers. Step 3: It addresses the issue at a population level, making a significant impact on tobacco use. Step 4: Offering free smoking cessation programs (A) and providing nicotine replacement therapy (D) are individual-focused interventions, not community-wide. Step 5: Educating individuals on risks (B) is important but may not directly lead to reduced tobacco use in the community. In summary, advocating for smoke-free environments in public spaces is the most effective community health initiative to reduce tobacco use as it impacts the broader population and creates a healthier environment for all.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Primary prevention aims to prevent the occurrence of disease before it occurs. Choice B, educating individuals on the importance of vaccination, is a primary prevention strategy as it promotes vaccination to prevent infectious diseases. This helps build immunity in the population, reducing the spread of diseases. Hand sanitizers (Choice A) are a form of secondary prevention, as they aim to reduce the transmission of pathogens after exposure. Offering flu vaccines to high-risk populations (Choice C) is a form of tertiary prevention, as it targets those already at risk of complications. Providing antibiotics (Choice D) post-exposure is a form of treatment, not prevention.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: Offering free diabetes screenings in the community. Secondary prevention focuses on early detection and intervention to prevent the progression of a disease. By offering free diabetes screenings, individuals at risk can be identified early, leading to timely interventions and management strategies. Regular exercise (choice A) is more aligned with primary prevention. Providing education on weight management (choice C) is important but falls more under primary prevention as well. Advocating for healthier food policies (choice D) is crucial for prevention but is more of a population-based approach rather than individual early detection.