A nurse is conducting a health education session for a group of adults. Which of the following learning strategies would be most effective for adults?

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Providing hands-on demonstrations. This is effective for adults as it engages multiple senses, promotes active learning, and allows for practical application of knowledge. Adults learn best through experiential learning and hands-on activities encourage participation and retention of information. B: Lecturing on theoretical concepts may not be as effective for adults as it can be passive and less engaging. C: Using audio-visual materials can be helpful, but hands-on demonstrations are generally more impactful for adult learners. D: Providing written handouts can support learning, but hands-on demonstrations are more likely to result in better understanding and retention for adults.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The most effective strategy for reducing hypertension in a community is promoting a diet low in sodium. High sodium intake is directly linked to high blood pressure. By reducing sodium intake, blood pressure can be better controlled. Regular exercise (choice A) is important for overall health but may not have as direct an impact on blood pressure as diet. Providing free blood pressure screenings (choice B) is helpful for early detection but does not address the root cause. Advocating for policies to reduce air pollution (choice D) is important for overall health but may not have as direct an impact on hypertension as reducing sodium intake.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because offering vaccines is a primary prevention strategy that aims to prevent the occurrence of disease in the first place by building immunity against specific pathogens. This approach targets the root cause of infectious diseases and helps reduce the spread within the population. Vaccines are administered before exposure to the disease, making them a proactive measure. Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they fall under secondary or tertiary prevention strategies. Providing antibiotics (B) treats infected individuals after they have already contracted the disease, which is a secondary prevention measure. Promoting condom use (C) aims to reduce the risk of transmission after exposure, making it a form of secondary prevention for STIs. Education on handwashing techniques (D) is a good hygiene practice, but it is more focused on reducing the spread of infections after exposure, making it a secondary prevention strategy as well.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Tertiary prevention focuses on managing and improving the health of individuals already affected by a disease or condition. Providing rehabilitation services for individuals with heart disease falls under tertiary prevention as it aims to help manage the condition and prevent complications. A: Promoting regular exercise to prevent obesity is an example of primary prevention, aiming to prevent the development of obesity. B: Screening for early signs of diabetes is an example of secondary prevention, focusing on early detection and treatment to prevent the progression of the disease. D: Offering vaccination clinics to prevent disease outbreaks is an example of primary prevention, aiming to prevent the occurrence of diseases through immunization.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because offering free HIV testing and counseling is a secondary prevention strategy that aims to detect HIV early in individuals who may be at risk, provide them with necessary support and information to prevent further transmission, and link them to appropriate care and treatment. This helps in identifying and addressing HIV infections in the early stages, reducing the risk of transmission to others. A: Providing education on safe sex practices is a primary prevention strategy focused on promoting awareness and behaviors to prevent HIV infection in the first place. C: Advocating for HIV prevention policies is a tertiary prevention strategy that involves implementing broader societal measures to prevent the spread of HIV. D: Providing clean needles to individuals who inject drugs is a harm reduction strategy aimed at reducing the risk of bloodborne infections like HIV among this specific population but does not directly address preventing the spread of HIV in a broader context.