A nurse is conducting a community assessment using the SWOT analysis. Which of the following would be considered a strength in this analysis?

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B, high availability of health care services. In a SWOT analysis, strengths are internal factors that provide an advantage. High availability of health care services is a strength as it indicates easy access to healthcare resources, improving overall community health outcomes. A: High rates of chronic disease are a weakness as it highlights health issues within the community. C: Low rates of health insurance coverage are a weakness as it signifies financial barriers to healthcare access. D: Lack of physical activity programs is a weakness as it indicates a lack of preventive health measures. In summary, B is the correct choice as it aligns with the definition of a strength in a SWOT analysis, while the other options represent weaknesses.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because providing early detection screenings for breast cancer falls under secondary prevention, which aims to detect and treat a disease in its early stages to prevent complications. This approach helps identify the disease before symptoms appear, improving treatment outcomes. A, encouraging people to exercise regularly, is an example of primary prevention, focusing on preventing the disease from occurring in the first place. C, providing vaccines to prevent disease, is also an example of primary prevention by preventing the disease from developing. D, offering smoking cessation programs to prevent lung cancer, is a combination of primary and secondary prevention, as it aims to prevent the disease by eliminating the risk factor and also detects potential cases early.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A because advocating for policies that limit the availability of junk food in schools is an example of an upstream intervention in public health. Upstream interventions focus on preventing health issues at the population level by addressing the root causes. Limiting the availability of junk food in schools addresses the environmental factor contributing to poor dietary habits, therefore promoting healthier choices. Choices B, C, and D are not examples of upstream interventions as they focus more on individual-level interventions such as education, counseling, and access to healthy foods, rather than addressing the broader societal factors that influence health outcomes.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. The host in the epidemiological triangle represents the individual or group affected by the health issue. 2. In this scenario, the community members who are affected by health problems are the host. 3. They play a critical role in the transmission and progression of diseases within the community. Summary of incorrect choices: - A: Environmental factors are part of the environment component of the triangle, not the host. - B: The health care system is not the host but can influence disease transmission and healthcare access. - D: Pathogens are part of the agent component of the triangle, not the host.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because public health nursing focuses on population-level interventions through advocacy for policy changes to improve overall health outcomes. This aligns with the core principles of public health, emphasizing prevention and addressing social determinants of health. Providing direct care to individuals (A) is more aligned with clinical nursing. Focusing on the treatment of acute illnesses (C) is more of a medical approach rather than a public health approach. Conducting research to develop new medical treatments (D) is important but not the primary goal of public health nursing, which is more focused on prevention and promoting health in communities.