ATI RN
Nursing Care of Vulnerable Populations Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is concerned about the high incidence of STDs in the community college population and sets up a special STD screening. Which students would not be encouraged to attend?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because students who claim to not be sexually active and do not plan to become sexually active do not fall within the target population for STD screening. The purpose of the screening is to identify and provide treatment for individuals who are at risk of or already have STDs due to their sexual activity. Since these students are not engaging in sexual activity, they are not at risk for STDs and therefore do not need to attend the screening. Students in choices A and B should be encouraged to attend the screening as they are sexually active and could benefit from the early detection and treatment of STDs. Choice D is also incorrect as being sexually active, regardless of the extent of sexual activity, still puts individuals at risk for STDs and they should be encouraged to attend the screening as well.
Question 2 of 5
A public health nurse found that out of the 70 people who ate the potato salad at a school picnic, 63 developed symptoms of food poisoning. What is the attack rate?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The attack rate is the proportion of people who became ill after exposure to a specific food item. In this case, the attack rate is calculated by dividing the number of people who developed symptoms (63) by the total number of people who ate the potato salad (70), then multiplying by 100 to get a percentage. Therefore, the correct answer is A (63%). Choices B, C, and D are incorrect because they do not accurately represent the attack rate calculated from the given data. Choice B (70%) is the total number of people who ate the potato salad, not the proportion who got sick. Choices C (90%) and D (100%) are higher than the total number of people who ate the salad, making them invalid attack rate percentages.
Question 3 of 5
Which model would be helpful to the nurse in examining all the various factors that can lead to disease?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Epidemiologic triangle. This model helps the nurse examine the interplay between the host, agent, and environment in disease causation. The host represents the individual, the agent is the factor causing the disease, and the environment includes external factors. By using this model, the nurse can assess all contributing factors comprehensively. - B: Health promotion focuses on promoting health rather than disease causation. - C: Levels of prevention refers to primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention, not the examination of disease factors. - D: Natural history of disease explains the progression of a disease, but does not consider all factors leading to disease causation.
Question 4 of 5
What kind of prevention is a nurse implementing when advising a client with osteoporosis to have three servings of milk or dairy products daily?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Primary prevention. By advising the client to consume three servings of milk or dairy products daily, the nurse is aiming to prevent the occurrence of osteoporosis in the first place. This falls under primary prevention, which focuses on preventing the disease before it occurs. The other choices are not correct because secondary prevention involves early detection and treatment to prevent the disease from progressing further, tertiary prevention focuses on managing the disease to prevent complications, and treatment without preventive measures does not fall under any prevention category.
Question 5 of 5
Persons in an auditorium might have been exposed to a disease. If they are infected, it is crucial that they receive immediate treatment and not take the problem home to their families. What is the most important factor about the screening test used?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: The sensitivity of the test. Sensitivity measures the ability of a test to correctly identify individuals who have the disease (true positives). In this case, identifying infected individuals accurately is crucial to prevent them from spreading the disease to their families. A high sensitivity ensures that those who are infected are not missed and can receive immediate treatment to prevent further transmission. Choice A (negative predictive value) is incorrect because it focuses on the proportion of negative results that are truly negative, which is not the primary concern in this scenario. Choice B (positive predictive value) is also incorrect as it measures the proportion of positive results that are truly positive, which is important but not as critical as identifying all infected individuals. Choice D (specificity of the test) is not the most important factor in this situation because it measures the ability of the test to correctly identify individuals who do not have the disease (true negatives), which is not the primary concern when dealing with a potential disease outbreak.