ATI RN
Drug and Dosage for ET Tube Cardiovascular Pharmacological Agents Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for four clients taking various medications including imipramine (Tofranil), doxepine (Sinequan), ziprasidone (Geodon), and tranylcypromine (Parnate). The nurse orders a special diet for the client receiving which medication?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Parnate. Tranylcypromine is an MAOI (Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor) which requires a special diet low in tyramine to prevent hypertensive crisis. Tyramine-rich foods should be avoided with MAOIs as they can interact and lead to dangerous increases in blood pressure. Imipramine, doxepin, and ziprasidone are not MAOIs, so they do not require a special diet.
Question 2 of 5
When assessing a patient who has been prescribed an antipsychotic medication, which statement would indicate a need for further patient education?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B because the statement indicates a potential issue with medication adherence. The patient's lifestyle of constantly moving between Florida and New England may disrupt the medication regimen, leading to missed doses or inconsistent treatment. This lack of adherence can impact the effectiveness of the antipsychotic medication. Choice A is not correct as it indicates a concern about weight loss, which can be a common side effect of antipsychotic medications but does not necessarily indicate a need for further education. Choice C suggests a desire to start a family, which may require additional discussions but is not directly related to medication education. Choice D involves a promise of a reward for stopping the medication, which may indicate a misunderstanding but not necessarily a need for further education.
Question 3 of 5
For client and family teaching, the nurse will rely on information that Alzheimer’s disease is currently best explained as being related to:
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Acetylcholine deficiency. Alzheimer's disease is characterized by a progressive loss of acetylcholine-producing neurons. Acetylcholine is crucial for memory, learning, and cognitive functions. A) GABA and B) Dopamine excess are not associated with Alzheimer's. C) Serotonin deficiency is not a primary factor in Alzheimer's pathology. Acetylcholine deficiency best explains the cognitive decline in Alzheimer's patients.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is teaching a patient how to self-administer triptan injections for migraine headaches. Which statement by the patient indicates that he needs further teaching?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Rationale: Choice A is incorrect because triptan injections are not meant for regular preventive use, but for acute treatment of migraine headaches when they occur. Taking the medication regularly for prevention goes against its intended use and can lead to overuse and potential side effects. Choices B, C, and D are correct as they align with the appropriate use of triptan injections for acute migraine treatment, accurate information about its effects, and monitoring the effectiveness of the treatment, respectively.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse administering the phosphodiesterase inhibitor milrinone (Primacor) recognizes that this drug will have a positive inotropic effect. Which result reflects this effect?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Step 1: Milrinone is a phosphodiesterase inhibitor that increases intracellular cAMP levels in cardiac myocytes. Step 2: Increased cAMP levels lead to enhanced calcium influx into cardiac cells, increasing contractility. Step 3: Increased force of cardiac contractions (Choice C) is the direct result of enhanced contractility due to increased cAMP levels. Summary: Choice C is correct since milrinone's mechanism of action directly leads to increased force of cardiac contractions. Choices A, B, and D are incorrect as they do not align with milrinone's mechanism of action and its inotropic effect.