ATI RN
Current Issues in Maternal Newborn Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient with pyelonephritis. What does the nurse identify as the most common cause?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Escherichia coli. In pyelonephritis, bacteria typically ascend from the lower urinary tract to the kidneys. E. coli is the most common cause due to its prevalence in the gastrointestinal tract and ability to cause urinary tract infections. Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis are more commonly associated with sexually transmitted infections, not pyelonephritis. Candida albicans is a fungal infection and is not a common cause of pyelonephritis.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse would advise the patient to report what symptom immediately during a PD-1 (checkpoint inhibitor) infusion?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: dizziness. Dizziness during a PD-1 infusion can indicate a potential serious adverse reaction, such as immune-related neurological toxicity. Prompt reporting is crucial to prevent complications. Nausea, fatigue, and diarrhea are common side effects of PD-1 inhibitors but are typically not considered immediate concerns for infusion reactions. Reporting dizziness ensures timely assessment and intervention to manage any severe adverse effects.
Question 3 of 5
The United States ranks poorly in terms of worldwide infant mortality rates. Which factor has the greatest impact on decreasing the mortality rate of infants?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ensuring early and adequate prenatal care. Prenatal care plays a crucial role in monitoring the health of the mother and the developing fetus, detecting and managing any potential health issues early on, and providing essential education on nutrition and healthy practices. This ultimately leads to healthier pregnancies, reduced risks of complications, and improved outcomes for both the mother and the infant. Providing more women's shelters (A) may help address social issues but does not directly impact infant mortality rates. Resolving language and cultural differences (C) is important for effective healthcare delivery but is not the primary factor in reducing infant mortality. Enrolling pregnant women in Medicaid (D) is beneficial for access to healthcare but does not address the importance of early and adequate prenatal care in reducing infant mortality rates.
Question 4 of 5
At the present time, which agency governs surrogate parenting?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: State law. Surrogate parenting laws are primarily regulated at the state level in the United States. Each state has its own laws and regulations regarding the legality and requirements of surrogate parenting arrangements. Federal law does not specifically govern surrogate parenting. While individual court decisions may impact specific cases, they do not set overarching regulations for surrogate parenting. Protective child services focus on the welfare and protection of children in cases of abuse or neglect, not on the legality of surrogate parenting arrangements. Thus, state law is the correct answer as it is the primary authority governing surrogate parenting.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is working with an active labor patient who is in preterm labor and has been designated as high risk. The patient is very apprehensive and asks the nurse, “Is everything going to be all right?” The nurse replies, “Yes, everything will be okay.” Following delivery via an emergency cesarean birth, the newborn undergoes resuscitation and does not survive. The patient is distraught over the outcome and blames the nurse for telling her that everything would be okay. Which ethical principle did the nurse violate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Beneficence. The nurse violated the ethical principle of beneficence by providing false reassurance to the patient, leading to unrealistic expectations and potential harm. Beneficence is about acting in the best interest of the patient and ensuring their well-being. By misleading the patient, the nurse failed to uphold this principle. A: Autonomy is the right of the patient to make their own decisions. The nurse did not directly violate the patient's autonomy in this scenario. B: Fidelity is about being faithful to commitments and promises. The nurse did not violate fidelity, as there was no explicit promise made that was broken. D: Accountability is about taking responsibility for one's actions. While accountability is important, it is not the primary ethical principle violated in this case.