ATI RN
Current Issues in Maternal Newborn Nursing Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient with pyelonephritis. What does the nurse identify as the most common cause?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Escherichia coli. Step 1: E. coli is the most common causative agent of pyelonephritis due to its ability to ascend from the lower urinary tract to the kidneys. Step 2: E. coli is a common bacteria found in the gut and can easily infect the urinary tract. Step 3: Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, and Candida albicans are not commonly associated with pyelonephritis. Thus, the correct choice is A.
Question 2 of 5
The nurse would advise the patient to report what symptom immediately during a PD-1 (checkpoint inhibitor) infusion?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: Correct Answer: C (dizziness) Rationale: 1. Dizziness can indicate a serious adverse reaction like immune-mediated neurotoxicity, requiring immediate attention. 2. Nausea, fatigue, and diarrhea are common side effects of checkpoint inhibitors but usually not emergencies. 3. Dizziness can be a sign of a potentially life-threatening condition, making it crucial to report immediately. Summary: - A: Nausea is a common side effect but not typically requiring immediate attention. - B: Fatigue is a common side effect but usually does not warrant immediate reporting. - D: Diarrhea is a known side effect but generally not an urgent concern compared to potential neurological issues signaled by dizziness.
Question 3 of 5
The United States ranks poorly in terms of worldwide infant mortality rates. Which factor has the greatest impact on decreasing the mortality rate of infants?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Ensuring early and adequate prenatal care. Early and adequate prenatal care is crucial in identifying and addressing any potential health issues for both the mother and the baby, leading to healthier outcomes and a decrease in infant mortality rates. Providing more women's shelters (A) may help with social support but does not directly impact infant mortality rates. Resolving all language and cultural differences (C) is important for effective communication but does not directly impact infant mortality rates. Enrolling pregnant women in the Medicaid program (D) is beneficial for access to healthcare, but ensuring early and adequate prenatal care is more directly linked to decreasing infant mortality rates.
Question 4 of 5
At the present time, which agency governs surrogate parenting?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: State law. Surrogate parenting is currently governed by state laws because family law matters, including surrogacy, fall under state jurisdiction. States have varying regulations and requirements for surrogate parenting arrangements. Federal law does not specifically address surrogate parenting. Individual court decisions may provide guidance but do not establish the overall governing framework. Protective child services do not typically have jurisdiction over surrogate parenting arrangements.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is working with an active labor patient who is in preterm labor and has been designated as high risk. The patient is very apprehensive and asks the nurse, “Is everything going to be all right?” The nurse replies, “Yes, everything will be okay.” Following delivery via an emergency cesarean birth, the newborn undergoes resuscitation and does not survive. The patient is distraught over the outcome and blames the nurse for telling her that everything would be okay. Which ethical principle did the nurse violate?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Beneficence. The nurse violated the ethical principle of beneficence by providing false reassurance to the patient, which ultimately led to a negative outcome. Beneficence means to do good and act in the best interest of the patient. By giving false hope, the nurse failed to provide truthful information that could have prepared the patient for potential complications. A: Autonomy - This choice is not the correct answer because autonomy refers to respecting the patient's right to make their own decisions, which was not directly violated in this scenario. B: Fidelity - This choice is not the correct answer because fidelity refers to being faithful and keeping promises to the patient, which is not the primary issue in this case. D: Accountability - This choice is not the correct answer because accountability refers to taking responsibility for one's actions, which the nurse may need to do in this situation, but it is not the primary ethical principle violated. In summary, the nurse violated the ethical