Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Breath sounds and oxygen saturation. In COPD, monitoring respiratory status is crucial due to impaired gas exchange. Assessing breath sounds helps identify any adventitious sounds like wheezing or crackles, indicating respiratory distress. Oxygen saturation reflects oxygenation status, vital for patients with COPD prone to hypoxemia. Nutritional intake and weight (B), bowel sounds and abdominal girth (C), and urine output and skin integrity (D) are important but secondary assessments in this case. Nutritional status and weight are important for overall health, bowel sounds and abdominal girth are related to gastrointestinal function, and urine output and skin integrity are indicators of hydration and overall skin health, respectively. However, in a patient with COPD, the priority is ensuring adequate oxygenation and respiratory function.

Correct Answer: C

Rationale: The correct answer is C: Functional. Functional assessment focuses on roles and relationships of the client by evaluating how well they can perform daily activities and interact with others. This type of assessment provides valuable insights into a client's overall well-being and ability to function independently. Incorrect choices: A: Body systems - This type of assessment focuses on the physical structures and functions of the body, not on the client's roles and relationships. B: Head to toe - This refers to a comprehensive physical examination from head to toe, which does not specifically address the client's roles and relationships. D: Focused - This type of assessment targets a specific issue or concern, but it may not necessarily delve into the client's roles and relationships.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer IV fluids. The initial priority in managing sepsis is to restore perfusion and oxygenation by giving IV fluids to support blood pressure and organ perfusion. This helps to improve tissue oxygenation and prevents further organ damage. Administering insulin (choice B) is not the priority in the initial management of sepsis. Monitoring blood pressure (choice C) is important but not the first step in the management of sepsis. Administering insulin is also listed twice and is not relevant to the immediate management of sepsis.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administer aspirin. Aspirin helps prevent further clot formation by inhibiting platelet aggregation, reducing the risk of additional heart damage. It is a standard treatment in acute myocardial infarction. Administering morphine (B) may be considered for pain relief but is not the primary intervention. Monitoring vital signs (C) is important, but not the primary intervention. Administering fibrinolytics (D) is indicated in certain cases but is not the primary intervention and requires specific criteria and caution.

Correct Answer: A

Rationale: Step-by-step rationale: 1. High HDL cholesterol is associated with decreased cardiovascular disease risk. 2. HDL cholesterol helps remove LDL cholesterol from arteries, reducing plaque buildup. 3. This leads to lower risk of heart disease and stroke. 4. Low HDL cholesterol (choice B) is associated with increased risk. 5. Low total cholesterol (choice C) and low triglycerides (choice D) do not directly correlate with decreased cardiovascular disease risk. Summary: High HDL cholesterol is beneficial for cardiovascular health as it helps reduce plaque buildup in arteries. Low HDL cholesterol, low total cholesterol, and low triglycerides are not associated with decreased cardiovascular disease risk.