ATI RN
health assessment in nursing test bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient with chronic asthma. The nurse should monitor the patient for which of the following complications of asthma?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Respiratory failure. In chronic asthma, persistent inflammation and airway remodeling can lead to worsening lung function and respiratory distress, ultimately resulting in respiratory failure. Monitoring for signs of respiratory distress such as increased work of breathing, decreased oxygen saturation, and altered mental status is crucial. A: Hypoglycemia is not a typical complication of asthma. B: Oxygen toxicity is not a common complication in asthma management unless high concentrations of supplemental oxygen are administered for prolonged periods. C: Hyperkalemia is not directly associated with asthma but may occur as a complication of certain asthma treatments or comorbid conditions. Therefore, the priority complication to monitor in a patient with chronic asthma is respiratory failure due to the progressive nature of the disease and the potential for acute exacerbations.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient who is post-operative following hip replacement surgery. The nurse should prioritize which of the following interventions?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Encouraging early ambulation. This is because early ambulation is crucial in preventing complications such as blood clots and muscle atrophy post hip replacement surgery. It helps improve circulation, prevent joint stiffness, and promote healing. Administering pain medication regularly (A) is important but not the top priority. Providing wound care and dressing changes (C) and monitoring for signs of infection (D) are also important but secondary to early ambulation in preventing complications and promoting recovery.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse should prioritize which of the following interventions?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administering supplemental oxygen as needed. This is the priority intervention for a patient with COPD because it helps improve oxygenation and relieve respiratory distress, which is the main concern in COPD. Supplemental oxygen also helps reduce the workload on the heart and other organs. Encouraging physical activity (B) is important for overall health but may not be the priority in acute exacerbations. Administering antibiotics regularly (C) is not necessary unless there is a documented infection. Providing increased fluid intake (D) is important for maintaining hydration but is not the priority intervention in this case.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is teaching a patient with diabetes about self-management. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates the need for further education?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: 1. Taking insulin only when blood sugar is high can lead to uncontrolled levels. 2. Regular insulin dosing is essential for diabetes management. 3. Monitoring blood sugar regularly helps in adjusting insulin doses. 4. Eating a balanced diet and exercising are key components of diabetes management. 5. Reporting signs of infection is crucial due to diabetes-related complications.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The nurse should monitor for which of the following complications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hyperkalemia. In CKD, kidneys struggle to excrete potassium, leading to its accumulation in the blood. This can result in dangerous cardiac arrhythmias. Hypokalemia (B) is unlikely in CKD due to impaired potassium excretion. Hyperglycemia (C) is more commonly associated with diabetes rather than CKD. Hypercalcemia (D) is not a typical complication of CKD; instead, patients with CKD often experience low calcium levels.