ATI RN
jarvis physical examination and health assessment 9th edition test bank Questions
Question 1 of 9
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of diabetes. The nurse should monitor for which of the following complications?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D: Hyperglycemia. Patients with diabetes are at risk for high blood sugar levels, leading to hyperglycemia. This can result in various complications such as diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state. The nurse should monitor the patient's blood glucose levels regularly to prevent these serious complications. Explanation for incorrect choices: A: Hypoglycemia - While hypoglycemia is a concern for diabetic patients, hyperglycemia is a more common and immediate risk. B: Hyperkalemia - While hyperkalemia can occur in some diabetic patients, hyperglycemia is a more common and primary concern. C: Hypotension - While diabetic patients can experience hypotension, hyperglycemia poses a more immediate threat to their health.
Question 2 of 9
A patient is experiencing dizziness, blurred vision, and nausea. The nurse should first assess the patient's:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B, Blood pressure. Dizziness, blurred vision, and nausea can be symptoms of hypotension or hypertension. Assessing the patient's blood pressure first is crucial to determine if the symptoms are related to blood pressure fluctuations. Electrolyte levels (A) and blood glucose levels (C) may be assessed later but do not address the immediate concern. Temperature and respiratory rate (D) are important assessments but are not the priority in this scenario where cardiovascular status needs to be evaluated first.
Question 3 of 9
A 35-year-old pregnant woman comes to the clinic for her monthly appointment. During assessment, the nurse notices that she has a brown patch of hyperpigmentation on her face. The nurse continues the skin assessment aware that another finding may be:
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Linea nigra. This is a common finding during pregnancy due to hormonal changes causing hyperpigmentation on the abdomen. The other choices are incorrect because keratosis refers to a skin condition characterized by rough, scaly patches; melasma is a condition causing dark patches on the skin, often due to hormonal changes; and linea gravida is not a recognized term in dermatology. Therefore, based on the context of the patient being pregnant and presenting with hyperpigmentation on her face, the most likely finding would be Linea nigra, a dark line that runs from the navel to the pubic bone during pregnancy.
Question 4 of 9
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of asthma. The nurse should monitor for which of the following signs of an asthma exacerbation?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Increased wheezing and shortness of breath. During an asthma exacerbation, bronchial airways become inflamed and narrowed, leading to increased wheezing and shortness of breath. This is a classic sign of worsening asthma. Other choices are incorrect because: A) Decreased work of breathing is not expected in an asthma exacerbation as the patient usually struggles to breathe. C) Improved oxygen saturation is unlikely as airway obstruction can lead to decreased oxygen levels. D) Decreased sputum production is not a typical sign of asthma exacerbation; in fact, increased sputum production may occur due to airway inflammation.
Question 5 of 9
The review of systems provides the nurse with:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: The review of systems is a systematic approach to assessing the patient's overall health. Step 2: It gathers information about symptoms across different body systems. Step 3: This information helps identify potential health risks and guide health promotion practices. Step 4: Choice B is correct as it aligns with the purpose of the review of systems. Summary: - Choice A is incorrect because it focuses on physical findings only, not the comprehensive assessment. - Choice C is incorrect as the review of systems is not primarily for teaching medical terms. - Choice D is incorrect as it does not provide enough information for diagnosing specific medical problems.
Question 6 of 9
The nurse is interviewing a recent immigrant from Mexico. During the course of the interview, the man leans forward and then finally moves his chair close enough that his knees are nearly touching the nurse's. The nurse begins to feel uncomfortable with his proximity. Which of the following statements describes the most appropriate response by the nurse?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: "Try to relax; this behavior is culturally appropriate for this person." In Mexican culture, close proximity during conversations is common and signifies engagement and trust. By understanding cultural differences, the nurse can avoid misinterpreting the behavior. Moving the chair back (choice B) may be seen as rude. Assuming sexual aggression (choice C) without evidence is inappropriate. Laughing and asking to move away (choice D) may embarrass the individual. Understanding and respecting cultural norms is crucial in providing effective care.
Question 7 of 9
A patient tells the nurse that she believes in "the hot"“cold theory, where illness is caused by hot or cold entering the body." Which of the following responses from the nurse would be most appropriate?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D because it shows respect for the patient's belief and promotes open communication. By asking the patient to explain more about the hot-cold theory, the nurse acknowledges the patient's perspective and builds a trusting relationship. Option A dismisses the patient's belief, risking alienation. Option B is informative but misses the opportunity to understand the patient's cultural beliefs. Option C is unprofessional and does not address the patient's concerns.
Question 8 of 9
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of hypertension and diabetes. The nurse should monitor for which of the following complications?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Step 1: The patient has a history of hypertension and diabetes, putting them at risk for cardiovascular complications. Step 2: Among the choices, stroke is a common complication associated with uncontrolled hypertension and diabetes. Step 3: Monitoring for signs of stroke is crucial to prevent serious consequences in this patient population. Step 4: Hyperglycemia (A) is a common complication of diabetes, but it is not directly related to the patient's hypertension. Step 5: Hypokalemia (C) is an electrolyte imbalance that can occur in some conditions but is not as directly linked to the patient's history. Step 6: Hypoglycemia (D) is a potential complication in diabetic patients but is not as common as hyperglycemia and is not directly related to hypertension.
Question 9 of 9
A nurse is caring for a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse should monitor for which of the following complications?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Respiratory failure. Patients with COPD have impaired lung function, making them at risk for respiratory failure due to inadequate oxygenation. This can occur due to exacerbation of COPD, infections, or other factors. Monitoring for signs of respiratory distress is crucial. A: Pneumonia - While patients with COPD are at higher risk for pneumonia due to impaired lung function, respiratory failure is a more immediate and critical complication to monitor for in this scenario. C: Hypoglycemia - COPD does not directly increase the risk of hypoglycemia, so monitoring for this complication is not a priority in this case. D: Hypertension - Although some patients with COPD may have hypertension, it is not a common complication directly related to COPD. Monitoring for respiratory failure is more essential in this situation.