ATI RN
health assessment in nursing test bank Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of chronic kidney disease (CKD). The nurse should monitor for which of the following complications?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Hyperkalemia. In CKD, kidneys struggle to excrete potassium, leading to its accumulation in the blood. This can result in dangerous cardiac arrhythmias. Hypokalemia (B) is unlikely in CKD due to impaired potassium excretion. Hyperglycemia (C) is more commonly associated with diabetes rather than CKD. Hypercalcemia (D) is not a typical complication of CKD; instead, patients with CKD often experience low calcium levels.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is providing education to a patient with chronic liver disease. The nurse should educate the patient to monitor for signs of which of the following complications?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Jaundice. Patients with chronic liver disease are at risk for developing jaundice due to impaired liver function leading to the accumulation of bilirubin. Jaundice is characterized by yellowing of the skin and eyes. Monitoring for jaundice is crucial as it indicates worsening liver function. Incorrect choices: A: Hypoglycemia - Not directly related to chronic liver disease, more commonly seen in diabetes. B: Hyperglycemia - Not typically associated with chronic liver disease unless the patient has underlying diabetes. D: Anemia - Can be a complication of chronic liver disease, but monitoring for jaundice takes priority due to its direct association with liver dysfunction.
Question 3 of 5
A nurse is caring for a patient with a history of asthma. The nurse should monitor for which of the following complications?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Respiratory failure. Asthma is a chronic respiratory condition that can lead to respiratory failure if not managed properly. The nurse should monitor for signs of worsening asthma symptoms such as increased respiratory rate, accessory muscle use, and decreased oxygen saturation. Pneumonia (A) is a possible complication but is not directly related to asthma. Anemia (C) and Hyperglycemia (D) are not typically associated with asthma and would not be the primary complications to monitor for in this case.
Question 4 of 5
A nurse is providing education to a patient with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The nurse should prioritize which of the following lifestyle changes?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Quitting smoking. Smoking is the most important lifestyle change for a patient with COPD as it is the primary cause of the disease and continues to worsen symptoms. Quitting smoking can slow down the progression of COPD, decrease exacerbations, and improve overall lung function. Summary of other choices: B: Increasing fluid intake - While staying hydrated is important for overall health, it is not the top priority for a patient with COPD. C: Increasing physical activity - Exercise is beneficial for COPD patients, but quitting smoking takes precedence as it directly impacts the disease progression. D: Taking over-the-counter cold medications - Cold medications may provide temporary relief for symptoms, but they do not address the underlying cause of COPD which is smoking.
Question 5 of 5
A nurse is teaching a patient with diabetes about managing their condition. Which of the following statements by the patient indicates the need for further education?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because stopping insulin when blood glucose is normal is incorrect. Insulin is necessary for managing diabetes even when blood glucose levels are normal to prevent fluctuations. Monitoring blood glucose (A), exercising (B), and eating a balanced diet (D) are all important components of diabetes management. Stopping insulin abruptly can lead to hyperglycemia and potential complications.