A nurse is caring for a patient who is post-operative following abdominal surgery. The nurse should monitor for which of the following complications?

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: Atelectasis and pneumonia. Following abdominal surgery, patients are at risk for atelectasis (lung collapse) due to shallow breathing and pneumonia due to impaired lung function. A nurse should monitor for signs such as decreased oxygen saturation, increased respiratory rate, and crackles on auscultation. Wound infection (A) is a common post-operative complication but not specific to abdominal surgery. Hyperglycemia (B) may occur due to stress response but is not directly related to abdominal surgery. Dehydration (C) is a concern post-operatively, but respiratory complications like atelectasis and pneumonia are higher priority due to potential life-threatening consequences.

Correct Answer: D

Rationale: The correct answer is D: All of the above. This is the best choice because reducing the risk of another stroke requires a holistic approach. A: Limiting sodium and cholesterol intake helps manage blood pressure and cholesterol levels, reducing the risk of stroke. B: Increasing physical activity and managing weight can improve cardiovascular health and overall well-being, reducing the risk of stroke. C: Taking prescribed medications regularly, such as blood thinners or antihypertensives, is crucial in preventing another stroke. In summary, all three choices address key risk factors for stroke prevention, making them essential components of a comprehensive stroke prevention plan.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B because reducing alcohol consumption and limiting sodium intake are both crucial lifestyle modifications for managing hypertension. Alcohol can raise blood pressure, while excess sodium can contribute to hypertension. By prioritizing these changes, the patient can better control their blood pressure. Choice A is incorrect because increasing sodium intake can worsen hypertension due to fluid retention. Choice C is incorrect as decreasing physical activity can lead to weight gain and worsen hypertension. Choice D is incorrect as processed foods are often high in sodium and unhealthy fats, which can negatively impact blood pressure.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: Correct Answer: B Rationale: Limiting alcohol intake reduces blood pressure. Reducing sodium intake also helps manage hypertension. Alcohol can increase blood pressure, while sodium can lead to fluid retention. The patient's statement shows understanding of the importance of both factors in managing hypertension. Other Choices: A: Increasing sodium intake worsens fluid retention and hypertension. C: Processed foods are often high in sodium and unhealthy fats, worsening hypertension. D: Reducing exercise can lead to weight gain and increased blood pressure, contrary to managing hypertension.

Correct Answer: B

Rationale: The correct answer is B: impetigo. The characteristics of moist, thin-roofed vesicles with a thin erythematous base are classic features of impetigo, a bacterial skin infection commonly seen in children. Impetigo is highly contagious and commonly affects the face and buttocks. The presence of blisters and scabs further supports the diagnosis of impetigo. Explanation of other choices: A: Eczema typically presents as dry, itchy patches of skin with redness and scaling. It does not usually manifest as vesicles or blisters. C: Herpes zoster, also known as shingles, presents as a painful rash with grouped vesicles on one side of the body along a nerve pathway. It is uncommon in children and usually affects older individuals. D: Diaper dermatitis is a common rash in infants due to prolonged skin exposure to urine and feces. It typically presents as redness, irritation, and possibly skin breakdown in the diaper