ATI RN
Fundamentals of Nursing Oxygenation Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with tuberculosis (TB). Which type of isolation precaution should be implemented?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Airborne precautions. Tuberculosis is an airborne disease spread through respiratory droplets. Airborne precautions include wearing an N95 mask, isolating the patient in a negative pressure room, and ensuring proper ventilation. This type of precaution is necessary to prevent the transmission of TB to others. Droplet precautions (choice A) are used for diseases transmitted through larger respiratory droplets. Contact precautions (choice B) are for diseases spread through direct contact with the patient or contaminated surfaces. Standard precautions (choice D) are used for all patients to prevent the spread of infection, but they are not sufficient for TB due to its airborne nature.
Question 2 of 5
A client with pneumonia is receiving antibiotics. Which action should the nurse prioritize?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Administering antibiotics on schedule. Administering antibiotics on time is crucial to maintain therapeutic levels in the bloodstream, effectively treating the infection. Delay or missing doses can lead to treatment failure. Monitoring for allergic reactions (C) is important but secondary to ensuring timely administration of antibiotics. Encouraging fluid intake (B) is beneficial but not as critical as antibiotic administration. Assessing sputum production (D) is important for evaluating treatment response but should not take precedence over administering antibiotics.
Question 3 of 5
The nurse is planning to care for a client with COPD who has a high anxiety level that causes shortness of breath. Which action should the nurse take given the client's reaction to anxiety?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Teach pursed-lip breathing to use when feeling anxious. This intervention helps the client manage anxiety-induced shortness of breath by promoting relaxation and improving oxygen exchange. Pursed-lip breathing slows down the client's breathing rate, reduces respiratory rate, and decreases the work of breathing. It also helps to prevent air trapping in the lungs. Administering anti-anxiety medication (Option A) should not be the first-line intervention for managing anxiety-induced shortness of breath. Discouraging visitors (Option C) may isolate the client and not address the underlying issue of anxiety. Teaching proper use of inhalers (Option D) is important for managing COPD symptoms, but it does not directly address anxiety-related shortness of breath.
Question 4 of 5
The laboratory has just called with the arterial blood gas (ABG) results on four patients. Which result is most important for the nurse to report immediately to the health care provider?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The correct answer is D. The most important result to report immediately is a pH of 7.31, which indicates acidosis, a potentially life-threatening condition. A low pH can lead to organ dysfunction and requires prompt intervention. The other choices have pH levels within normal limits. PaO2, PaCO2, and O2 saturation are also important, but in this case, the critical value is the pH. Choices A, B, and C have pH values closer to normal range and, although abnormalities in PaO2, PaCO2, or O2 saturation should be monitored, they are not as urgent as a pH indicating acidosis.
Question 5 of 5
A patient with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is receiving mechanical ventilation. Which finding indicates the need for immediate intervention?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because the high-pressure alarm on the ventilator sounding indicates that the patient is experiencing increased airway pressure, which can lead to barotrauma and compromise ventilation. Immediate intervention is required to prevent lung injury. Choice A (respiratory rate of 22 breaths/min) is within the normal range and does not indicate an urgent need for intervention. Choice B (arterial oxygen saturation of 89%) is low but may not require immediate intervention as long as it is not rapidly declining and other factors are stable. Choice D (patient attempting to remove the endotracheal tube) is concerning but may not require immediate intervention as long as the airway is still secured, and other parameters are stable.