ATI RN
Cardiovascular System Practice Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with an S₂ murmur. Which valve is most likely impaired?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The S₂ heart sound ('dub') is produced by the closure of the aortic and pulmonic valves. A murmur at S₂ suggests impairment of one of these, most likely the aortic valve, as it’s more commonly affected in adults (e.g., stenosis). Tricuspid and mitral (bicuspid) closure produces S₁. (Source: Document, p. 62, Valve sounds)
Question 2 of 5
IgE immunoglobulins are involved in:
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: IgE is primarily involved in allergic reactions and parasitic infections, binding to mast cells and basophils to release histamine. IgG protects newborns via placental transfer, IgA protects mucosal areas, and IgM fights bacteria.
Question 3 of 5
Which factor is not synthesized in hemophilia A?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Hemophilia A is a deficiency in factor VIII (antihemophilic factor), impairing the intrinsic pathway. Factor IX deficiency is hemophilia B, and VII and XII are unrelated to hemophilia A.
Question 4 of 5
A client recently had a pacemaker implanted and the nurse assistant notifies the nurse that the client called out complaining of dizziness. Which of the following is the first step that the nurse should take?
Correct Answer: D
Rationale: The nurse’s first step is to assess the client (D) by checking heart sounds and pulses, as dizziness may indicate pacemaker malfunction or hemodynamic instability. Assessment precedes diagnostic tests like EKG (B) or interrogation (A), and calling the provider (C) comes after initial data collection. (Source: Document, p. 4-5)
Question 5 of 5
Within the circulation, where is blood pressure highest?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: Blood pressure is highest in the left ventricle (B) during systole (~120 mmHg), as it pumps into the aorta. The right ventricle (C) peaks at ~25 mmHg, pulmonary artery (D) is lower, vena cava (A) is near 0 mmHg, and left atrium (E) is ~8-12 mmHg.