ATI RN
Oxygen Therapy NCLEX Questions Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Which diagnostic test result is most concerning?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A because a PaO2/FiO2 ratio of 200 indicates severe hypoxemia in ARDS, signifying impaired gas exchange and poor oxygenation. This ratio is a key indicator of the severity of ARDS. B: Bilateral infiltrates on chest X-ray are expected findings in ARDS but do not directly reflect the severity of hypoxemia. C: A pH of 7.45 in ABG suggests normal acid-base balance, which is not as concerning as severe hypoxemia. D: A serum lactate level of 2 mmol/L is within the normal range and is not specific to ARDS or indicative of its severity.
Question 2 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with a diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). What is the most important precaution for the nurse to take?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Using an N95 respirator while providing care. This is because TB is an airborne disease that can spread through respiratory droplets. The N95 respirator provides the highest level of protection against inhaling these droplets. A: Wearing a surgical mask is not sufficient to protect against TB transmission as it does not filter out small infectious particles. B: Hand hygiene is important for infection control but does not specifically address airborne transmission of TB. D: Gowning and gloving may be necessary for contact precautions but do not provide adequate protection against airborne transmission of TB.
Question 3 of 5
A client is diagnosed with pneumothorax. What is the nurse's priority assessment?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Monitoring for decreased breath sounds on the affected side. This is the priority assessment because pneumothorax involves the accumulation of air in the pleural space, leading to lung collapse and decreased breath sounds on the affected side. This assessment is crucial to promptly detect worsening respiratory status and the need for immediate intervention. Choice B is incorrect because while assessing for bilateral chest rise and fall is important in general respiratory assessment, it is not the priority in pneumothorax where the focus is on the affected side. Choice C is incorrect as cyanosis and tachycardia may occur later as a result of respiratory distress, but monitoring breath sounds is more direct for detecting pneumothorax. Choice D is incorrect because measuring oxygen saturation levels may not accurately reflect the severity of pneumothorax and should not be the priority assessment in this case.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a client with cystic fibrosis. What intervention is most effective in improving airway clearance?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Performing chest physiotherapy regularly. Chest physiotherapy helps mobilize and clear mucus from the airways in cystic fibrosis patients, improving airway clearance. This intervention is essential in preventing respiratory complications. Administering bronchodilators before meals (A) may help with bronchodilation but does not directly address airway clearance. Providing a high-calorie, high-protein diet (C) is important for nutrition but does not specifically target airway clearance. Encouraging the use of a spacer with inhalers (D) may help with medication delivery but does not directly improve airway clearance like chest physiotherapy.
Question 5 of 5
The nurse is teaching a client with asthma about identifying triggers. Which trigger is most commonly associated with asthma attacks?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Cold air. Cold air is a common trigger for asthma attacks as it can cause airways to constrict and become inflamed, leading to difficulty breathing. Cold air can also worsen existing asthma symptoms. Loud noises (B), lack of sleep (C), and physical inactivity (D) are not typically associated with triggering asthma attacks. Loud noises may exacerbate stress but do not directly trigger asthma. Lack of sleep and physical inactivity can impact overall health but are not primary triggers for asthma attacks.