ATI RN
Nurses and Infection Control Questions
Question 1 of 5
A nurse is caring for a client with a serious bacterial infection. The client is dehydrated. Knowledge of the physical effects of the infection would support which of the following nursing diagnoses?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C: Risk for Imbalanced Body Temperature. When a client has a serious bacterial infection, the body's response includes fever, which can lead to an imbalance in body temperature regulation. Dehydration can exacerbate this issue. Nursing diagnosis C is the most appropriate as it directly relates to the physical effects of the infection, helping the nurse anticipate and address potential complications. Choice A, High Risk for Infection, is not the best choice as the client already has a bacterial infection, so the risk is not high but rather already present. Choice B, Excess Fluid Volume, is unlikely in a dehydrated client. Choice D, Risk for Latex Allergy Response, is not related to the physical effects of the bacterial infection and dehydration.
Question 2 of 5
Which of the following statements about glove use and hand hygiene is true?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: Step 1: Artificial fingernails harbor bacteria and can increase the risk of infection transmission. Step 2: Direct client care involves close contact, making it crucial to minimize bacterial transmission. Step 3: Avoiding artificial fingernails helps maintain proper hand hygiene practices. Step 4: Therefore, option A is correct. Summary: Option B is incorrect because nonsterile gloves should not be decontaminated and reused between clients. Option C is incorrect as handwashing is necessary after restroom use. Option D is incorrect since sterile gloves do not eliminate the need for hand hygiene.
Question 3 of 5
The patient experienced a surgical procedure, and Betadine was utilized as the surgical prep. Two days postoperatively, the nurse’s assessment indicates that the incision is red and has a small amount of purulent drainage. The patient reports tenderness at the incision site. The patient’s temperature is 100.5° F, and the WBC is 10,500/mm3. Which action should the nurse take first?
Correct Answer: B
Rationale: The correct answer is B: Utilize SBAR to notify the primary health care provider. This is the first action the nurse should take because the patient is exhibiting signs of a surgical site infection (redness, purulent drainage, tenderness, elevated temperature, and increased WBC count), which requires immediate attention from the healthcare provider for further evaluation and management. Notifying the provider promptly allows for timely intervention to prevent complications. Choices A, C, and D are incorrect: A: Planning to change the surgical dressing during the shift is not the priority as the patient's symptoms indicate a potential infection that needs immediate attention. C: Reevaluating the temperature and WBC count in 4 hours delays necessary intervention for a suspected infection. D: Checking the solution used for skin preparation in surgery is not urgent compared to notifying the provider about the concerning signs of infection.
Question 4 of 5
The nurse is caring for a group of medical-surgical patients. Which patient is most at risk for developing an infection?
Correct Answer: C
Rationale: The correct answer is C because a patient recovering from surgery, especially a total hip surgery, is at higher risk for developing an infection due to the surgical incision and disruption of the skin barrier. Post-operative patients are more susceptible to infections as their immune system may be compromised. In contrast, choice A has no direct relation to infection risk. Choice B, dehydration, may lead to electrolyte imbalances but does not necessarily increase infection risk. Choice D, heart problems, does not inherently increase infection risk unless the patient has specific conditions or interventions that compromise their immune system.
Question 5 of 5
A patient presents with pneumonia. Which priority intervention should be included in the plan of care for this patient?
Correct Answer: A
Rationale: The correct answer is A: Observe the patient for decreased activity tolerance. This is the priority intervention as pneumonia can lead to decreased oxygenation and energy levels. Monitoring activity tolerance helps assess respiratory status and response to treatment. Choice B is incorrect as pain management is not the priority in pneumonia. Choice C is incorrect as ice chips may not address the patient's respiratory needs. Choice D is incorrect as maintaining room temperature is not a priority in managing pneumonia.